How AI and Quantum Computing Are Reshaping Cybersecurity: Threats and Solutions

The article examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum computing on cybersecurity, highlighting their role in the evolution of threats and defenses. AI is used to automate attacks (e.g., targeted phishing) and strengthen detection systems, while quantum computing threatens current cryptographic algorithms (e.g., RSA, ECC) by rendering asymmetric encryption protocols obsolete. Critical infrastructures and the protection of personal data are particularly exposed. Standards such as NIS2 (EU) and NIST recommendations are cited as frameworks to anticipate these risks. The article targets national cybersecurity stakeholders and companies managing sensitive data.