Twitter, Now Known as X, Launches New End-to-End Encrypted Messaging Protocol

Twitter, now known as X, has launched a new end-to-end encrypted messaging protocol called XChat. According to a conversation with a technical manager at X, some of the devices used by the company are equipped with HSMs (Hardware Security Modules). Matthew Garrett has published an article detailing the technical aspects of this new protocol. The update from October 6, 2025, confirms the use of HSMs by X.