CVE-2024-25124
CVE-2024-25124
Weakness (CWE)
CVSS Vector
v3.1- Attack Vector
- Network
- Attack Complexity
- Low
- Privileges Required
- None
- User Interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- Low
Description
Fiber is a web framework written in go. Prior to version 2.52.1, the CORS middleware allows for insecure configurations that could potentially expose the application to multiple CORS-related vulnerabilities. Specifically, it allows setting the Access-Control-Allow-Origin header to a wildcard (`*`) while also having the Access-Control-Allow-Credentials set to true, which goes against recommended security best practices. The impact of this misconfiguration is high as it can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive user data and expose the system to various types of attacks listed in the PortSwigger article linked in the references. Version 2.52.1 contains a patch for this issue. As a workaround, users may manually validate the CORS configurations in their implementation to ensure that they do not allow a wildcard origin when credentials are enabled. The browser fetch api, as well as browsers and utilities that enforce CORS policies, are not affected by this.
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of CVE-2024-25124
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
CVE ID: CVE-2024-25124 CVSS Score: 9.4
The vulnerability in the Fiber web framework, prior to version 2.52.1, allows for insecure configurations in the CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing) middleware. Specifically, it permits the Access-Control-Allow-Origin header to be set to a wildcard (*) while also enabling Access-Control-Allow-Credentials to true. This configuration violates security best practices and can lead to significant security risks.
Severity Evaluation:
- CVSS Score: 9.4 (Critical)
- Impact: High
- Exploitability: High
The high CVSS score indicates a critical vulnerability that can be easily exploited, leading to severe consequences such as unauthorized access to sensitive user data.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF): An attacker can exploit the misconfigured CORS settings to perform CSRF attacks, leading to unauthorized actions on behalf of authenticated users.
- Data Exfiltration: Sensitive user data can be accessed by malicious actors through cross-origin requests, leading to data breaches.
- Session Hijacking: Attackers can hijack user sessions by exploiting the misconfigured CORS settings, gaining unauthorized access to user accounts.
Exploitation Methods:
- Malicious Web Pages: Attackers can create malicious web pages that make cross-origin requests to the vulnerable application, exploiting the misconfigured CORS settings.
- Phishing Attacks: Users can be tricked into visiting malicious sites that exploit the CORS vulnerability to steal sensitive information.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Software:
- Fiber web framework versions prior to 2.52.1
Affected Systems:
- Any web application built using the Fiber web framework that relies on the CORS middleware for cross-origin requests.
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Immediate Mitigation:
- Upgrade: Upgrade to Fiber version 2.52.1 or later, which includes a patch for this issue.
- Manual Configuration: Manually validate and correct the CORS configurations to ensure that the
Access-Control-Allow-Originheader is not set to a wildcard (*) whenAccess-Control-Allow-Credentialsis true.
Long-Term Mitigation:
- Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits of CORS configurations and other security settings.
- Security Training: Educate developers on secure coding practices and the importance of proper CORS configurations.
- Automated Tools: Use automated tools to continuously monitor and validate CORS configurations.
5. Impact on Cybersecurity Landscape
The vulnerability highlights the importance of proper CORS configurations in web applications. Misconfigurations can lead to severe security breaches, emphasizing the need for robust security practices and continuous monitoring. This incident serves as a reminder for organizations to prioritize security in their development processes and to stay updated with the latest security patches and best practices.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Technical Description:
- CORS Middleware: The CORS middleware in Fiber allows for cross-origin requests. The vulnerability arises when the
Access-Control-Allow-Originheader is set to a wildcard (*) whileAccess-Control-Allow-Credentialsis true. This configuration allows any origin to make requests with credentials, which is against security best practices. - Patch Details: The patch in version 2.52.1 ensures that the
Access-Control-Allow-Originheader cannot be set to a wildcard whenAccess-Control-Allow-Credentialsis true, thereby mitigating the vulnerability.
References:
- PortSwigger Article on CORS Misconfigurations
- GitHub CodeQL Query Help
- Mozilla Developer Network on CORS Errors
- WHATWG Fetch Specification
- Fiber GitHub Commit
- Fiber Release Notes
- Fiber Security Advisory
Conclusion: CVE-2024-25124 is a critical vulnerability that underscores the importance of secure CORS configurations. Organizations using the Fiber web framework should prioritize upgrading to the patched version and implementing robust security practices to mitigate similar risks in the future.