CVE-2025-32877
CVE-2025-32877
Weakness (CWE)
CVSS Vector
v3.1- Attack Vector
- Network
- Attack Complexity
- Low
- Privileges Required
- None
- User Interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
Description
An issue was discovered on COROS PACE 3 devices through 3.0808.0. It identifies itself as a device without input or output capabilities, which results in the use of the Just Works pairing method. This method does not implement any authentication, which therefore allows machine-in-the-middle attacks. Furthermore, this lack of authentication allows attackers to interact with the device via BLE without requiring prior authorization.
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of CVE-2025-32877
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
CVE ID: CVE-2025-32877 CVSS Score: 9.8
The vulnerability in COROS PACE 3 devices through version 3.0808.0 is severe, as indicated by its high CVSS score of 9.8. This score reflects the critical nature of the vulnerability, which allows for unauthenticated interactions via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and the potential for machine-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks. The "Just Works" pairing method, which lacks any form of authentication, exacerbates the risk.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Machine-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks: An attacker can intercept and manipulate the communication between the COROS PACE 3 device and its paired device.
- Unauthorized Access: Due to the lack of authentication, an attacker can interact with the device without prior authorization, potentially leading to data theft or manipulation.
Exploitation Methods:
- BLE Sniffing: Attackers can use BLE sniffing tools to capture and analyze the communication between the device and its paired counterpart.
- BLE Spoofing: Attackers can impersonate the paired device to send malicious commands or extract sensitive information.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Devices:
- COROS PACE 3 devices through version 3.0808.0
Software Versions:
- All software versions up to and including 3.0808.0 are affected.
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Immediate Mitigation:
- Disable BLE Pairing: Users should disable BLE pairing when not in use to minimize the risk of unauthorized access.
- Firmware Update: Apply any available firmware updates from COROS that address this vulnerability.
Long-Term Mitigation:
- Implement Authentication: COROS should implement a more secure pairing method that includes authentication, such as passkey entry or out-of-band (OOB) pairing.
- Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and mitigate similar vulnerabilities.
5. Impact on Cybersecurity Landscape
This vulnerability highlights the risks associated with IoT devices that rely on BLE for communication. The lack of authentication in the "Just Works" pairing method underscores the need for robust security measures in IoT device design. The high CVSS score indicates the potential for significant impact, including data breaches and loss of user trust.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Technical Overview:
- BLE Pairing Method: The "Just Works" pairing method does not require any user interaction or authentication, making it susceptible to MitM attacks.
- Communication Protocol: The vulnerability affects the BLE communication protocol used by COROS PACE 3 devices.
Detection and Response:
- Monitoring: Implement monitoring tools to detect unusual BLE activity, such as unexpected pairing attempts or data transfers.
- Incident Response: Develop an incident response plan that includes steps for identifying compromised devices, isolating them from the network, and applying necessary patches.
References:
By addressing this vulnerability, COROS can enhance the security of their devices and protect users from potential attacks. Security professionals should remain vigilant and proactive in identifying and mitigating similar vulnerabilities in IoT devices.