CVE-2025-50341

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of CVE-2025-50341

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

CVE ID: CVE-2025-50341

Description: A Boolean-based SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Axelor 5.2.4 via the _domain parameter. This vulnerability allows an attacker to manipulate SQL query logic, leading to the exposure of sensitive data or further exploitation.

CVSS Score: 9.8

Severity Evaluation: The CVSS score of 9.8 indicates a critical vulnerability. This high score is due to the potential for unauthorized access to sensitive data, the ease of exploitation, and the significant impact on the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected system.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

• Web Application Input: An attacker can inject malicious SQL code through the _domain parameter in web requests.
• Automated Tools: Attackers may use automated tools to scan for and exploit SQL injection vulnerabilities.
• Phishing and Social Engineering: Attackers could trick users into visiting malicious links that exploit the vulnerability.

Exploitation Methods:

• Boolean-based SQL Injection: The attacker can inject SQL code that returns true or false conditions, allowing them to infer the structure of the database and extract data.
• Union-based SQL Injection: By using UNION SELECT statements, attackers can combine the results of two SELECT statements to extract additional data.
• Error-based SQL Injection: Attackers can induce error messages to gain information about the database structure.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

Affected Software:

• Axelor 5.2.4

Affected Systems:

• Any system running Axelor 5.2.4, including but not limited to:
  • Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems
  • Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems
  • Supply Chain Management (SCM) systems

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

Immediate Actions:

• Patch Management: Apply the latest security patches provided by Axelor.
• Input Validation: Implement strict input validation and sanitization for all user inputs, especially the _domain parameter.
• Parameterized Queries: Use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection.
• Web Application Firewalls (WAF): Deploy WAFs to detect and block SQL injection attempts.

Long-term Strategies:

• Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments.
• Security Training: Provide training for developers and administrators on secure coding practices and SQL injection prevention.
• Monitoring and Logging: Implement robust monitoring and logging to detect and respond to suspicious activities.

5. Impact on Cybersecurity Landscape

Immediate Impact:

• Data Breaches: Organizations using Axelor 5.2.4 are at high risk of data breaches, leading to potential financial losses and reputational damage.
• Compliance Issues: Non-compliance with data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR, HIPAA) due to unauthorized data access.

Long-term Impact:

• Increased Awareness: This vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices and regular security updates.
• Industry Standards: May influence the development of more robust security standards and best practices for ERP and CRM systems.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• Parameter: _domain
• Injection Point: SQL query logic manipulation
• Exploitation: Boolean-based SQL injection

Detection Methods:

• Static Analysis: Use static analysis tools to identify vulnerable code patterns.
• Dynamic Analysis: Employ dynamic analysis tools to test for SQL injection vulnerabilities during runtime.
• Manual Code Review: Conduct manual code reviews to ensure proper input validation and sanitization.

Mitigation Techniques:

• Prepared Statements: Ensure all SQL queries use prepared statements to separate SQL code from data.
• Least Privilege: Implement the principle of least privilege for database access.
• Error Handling: Avoid displaying detailed error messages to end users.

References:

• Axelor Official Website
• GitHub Repository for CVE-2025-50341

By addressing this vulnerability promptly and comprehensively, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of data breaches and ensure the integrity and security of their systems.