CVE-2025-51742

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of CVE-2025-51742

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

CVE ID: CVE-2025-51742 CVSS Score: 9.8

The vulnerability in question is a Fastjson deserialization issue in jishenghua JSH_ERP 2.3.1, specifically affecting the /material/getMaterialEnableSerialNumberList endpoint. This vulnerability allows for Remote Code Execution (RCE) through JDBC payloads, making it highly critical. The CVSS score of 9.8 indicates a severe vulnerability that requires immediate attention.

Severity Evaluation:

• Confidentiality Impact: High
• Integrity Impact: High
• Availability Impact: High
• Exploitability: High
• Remediation Level: Official-Fix

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

• Network-Based Attack: An attacker can send a specially crafted HTTP request to the vulnerable endpoint, exploiting the deserialization vulnerability.
• Phishing: An attacker could trick a user into visiting a malicious site that sends the crafted request to the vulnerable server.

Exploitation Methods:

• Deserialization Exploit: The attacker can send a JSON payload that, when deserialized by Fastjson, executes arbitrary code. This can be achieved by embedding JDBC payloads within the JSON structure.
• JDBC Payloads: These payloads can be used to execute SQL commands, leading to data exfiltration, data manipulation, or further code execution.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

Affected Software:

• jishenghua JSH_ERP 2.3.1

Affected Systems:

• Any system running jishenghua JSH_ERP 2.3.1 with the /material/getMaterialEnableSerialNumberList endpoint exposed to the internet or internal network.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

Immediate Mitigation:

• Patching: Apply the official patch from jishenghua as soon as it becomes available.
• Input Validation: Implement strict input validation and sanitization for the search query parameter.
• Firewall Rules: Block access to the /material/getMaterialEnableSerialNumberList endpoint from untrusted sources.
• Web Application Firewall (WAF): Deploy a WAF to detect and block malicious requests targeting the vulnerable endpoint.

Long-Term Mitigation:

• Code Review: Conduct a thorough code review to identify and fix similar deserialization issues.
• Security Training: Educate developers on secure coding practices, especially regarding deserialization and input handling.
• Regular Updates: Ensure that all software components, including Fastjson, are kept up-to-date with the latest security patches.

5. Impact on Cybersecurity Landscape

Immediate Impact:

• Data Breaches: Organizations using jishenghua JSH_ERP 2.3.1 are at high risk of data breaches, including sensitive information leakage.
• Service Disruption: Attackers could exploit this vulnerability to disrupt services, leading to financial and operational losses.

Long-Term Impact:

• Reputation Damage: Organizations affected by this vulnerability may suffer reputational damage.
• Increased Awareness: This incident highlights the importance of secure coding practices and regular security audits.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• Endpoint: /material/getMaterialEnableSerialNumberList
• Parameter: search
• Vulnerable Function: parseObject()
• Exploit Mechanism: The search parameter is passed directly to parseObject(), allowing for deserialization of untrusted data.

Detection:

• Log Analysis: Monitor logs for unusual activity related to the /material/getMaterialEnableSerialNumberList endpoint.
• Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Configure IDS to detect and alert on suspicious deserialization attempts.

Response:

• Incident Response Plan: Have an incident response plan in place to quickly identify, contain, and remediate any exploitation attempts.
• Forensic Analysis: Conduct forensic analysis to understand the scope and impact of any successful exploitation.

Conclusion: CVE-2025-51742 represents a significant risk to organizations using jishenghua JSH_ERP 2.3.1. Immediate mitigation strategies, including patching and input validation, are essential to protect against potential exploitation. Long-term measures, such as code reviews and security training, will help prevent similar vulnerabilities in the future.

References:

• Hackpax Blog
• GitHub Gist
• Gitee jishenghua
• Gitee JSH_ERP