CVE-2025-9523

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of CVE-2025-9523

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

CVE ID: CVE-2025-9523 CVSS Score: 9.8

The vulnerability in question is a stack-based buffer overflow in the GetParentControlInfo function of the Tenda AC1206 router firmware version 15.03.06.23. The high CVSS score of 9.8 indicates a critical severity level. This score is derived from several factors, including the potential for remote exploitation, the complexity of the attack, and the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

• Remote Exploitation: The vulnerability can be exploited remotely, meaning an attacker does not need physical access to the device.
• Network Access: The attacker needs to be able to send crafted packets to the router, which can be achieved through various means such as compromising a device on the same network or exploiting other vulnerabilities to gain network access.

Exploitation Methods:

• Buffer Overflow: By manipulating the mac argument in the GetParentControlInfo function, an attacker can cause a stack-based buffer overflow. This can lead to arbitrary code execution, allowing the attacker to take control of the device.
• Public Exploit: The exploit is publicly available, which increases the risk of widespread attacks.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

Affected Device:

• Tenda AC1206 router

Affected Firmware Version:

• 15.03.06.23

File Path:

• /goform/GetParentControlInfo

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

Immediate Actions:

• Firmware Update: Immediately update the firmware to a version that addresses this vulnerability. If an update is not available, consider disabling remote management features.
• Network Segmentation: Implement network segmentation to isolate the router from other critical systems.
• Firewall Rules: Configure firewall rules to restrict access to the router's management interface.

Long-Term Strategies:

• Regular Patching: Establish a regular patching and update schedule for all network devices.
• Intrusion Detection: Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS) to monitor for suspicious activity.
• Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments.

5. Impact on Cybersecurity Landscape

The public disclosure of this vulnerability and the availability of an exploit pose significant risks to organizations and individuals using the affected Tenda AC1206 router. The potential for remote code execution can lead to unauthorized access, data breaches, and further compromise of connected devices. This underscores the importance of timely patching and proactive security measures in the IoT and network device ecosystem.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• Function: GetParentControlInfo
• File Path: /goform/GetParentControlInfo
• Vulnerable Argument: mac
• Type of Vulnerability: Stack-based buffer overflow

Exploitation Steps:

1. Identify Target: Locate the Tenda AC1206 router with the vulnerable firmware version.
2. Craft Payload: Create a malicious payload that manipulates the mac argument to cause a buffer overflow.
3. Deliver Payload: Send the crafted payload to the router's management interface.
4. Execute Code: If successful, the attacker can execute arbitrary code on the router.

Detection and Response:

• Log Analysis: Monitor router logs for unusual activity or error messages related to the GetParentControlInfo function.
• Behavioral Analysis: Use behavioral analysis tools to detect anomalous network traffic patterns.
• Incident Response: Have an incident response plan in place to quickly address and mitigate any detected exploitation attempts.

References:

• GitHub Repository
• VulDB Entry
• VulDB Detailed Entry
• VulDB Submission
• Tenda Official Website

By addressing this vulnerability promptly and implementing robust security measures, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of exploitation and protect their network infrastructure.