EUVD-2024-1341

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2024-1341

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

Vulnerability Description: The vulnerability in the XWiki Platform allows users with edit rights to modify translations in multilingual wikis, bypassing the necessary script rights for user-scope translations and wiki admin rights for wiki-wide translations. This can lead to remote code execution (RCE) if the translation values are not properly escaped.

Severity Evaluation: The vulnerability has a CVSS Base Score of 10.0, which is the highest possible score, indicating a critical severity. The CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H breaks down as follows:

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N) - The vulnerability is exploitable over the network.
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L) - The attack requires minimal skill or resources.
• Privileges Required (PR): Low (L) - The attacker needs low-level privileges (edit rights).
• User Interaction (UI): None (N) - No user interaction is required.
• Scope (S): Changed (C) - The vulnerability affects a different security scope.
• Confidentiality (C): High (H) - Complete loss of confidentiality.
• Integrity (I): High (H) - Complete loss of integrity.
• Availability (A): High (H) - Complete loss of availability.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

• Unauthorized Translation Edits: An attacker with edit rights can modify translations, potentially injecting malicious code.
• Remote Code Execution: If the translation values are not properly escaped, an attacker can execute arbitrary code on the server.

Exploitation Methods:

• Injection Attacks: The attacker can inject malicious scripts or commands into the translation fields.
• Privilege Escalation: By exploiting the vulnerability, an attacker can escalate their privileges from a low-level user to a higher-level user or admin.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

Affected Versions:

• XWiki Platform versions 4.3-milestone-2 to 4.10.20
• XWiki Platform versions 15.0-rc-1 to 15.5.4
• XWiki Platform versions 15.6-rc-1 to 15.10-rc-1

Patched Versions:

• XWiki Platform 14.10.20
• XWiki Platform 15.5.4
• XWiki Platform 15.10RC1

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

Immediate Mitigation:

• Restrict Edit Rights: Limit edit rights on documents containing translations to trusted users only.
• Update Software: Upgrade to the patched versions of XWiki Platform (14.10.20, 15.5.4, or 15.10RC1).

Long-Term Mitigation:

• Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits to identify and mitigate similar vulnerabilities.
• Input Validation: Ensure that all user inputs, including translations, are properly validated and escaped.
• Access Controls: Implement strict access controls and role-based permissions.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

Regional Impact:

• Data Breaches: The vulnerability can lead to significant data breaches, affecting the confidentiality and integrity of information.
• Service Disruption: Exploitation can result in service disruptions, impacting the availability of wiki platforms used by organizations and individuals.
• Compliance Risks: Organizations may face compliance risks related to data protection regulations such as GDPR.

Sector-Specific Impact:

• Education and Research: Wiki platforms are commonly used in educational and research institutions, making them potential targets.
• Corporate Knowledge Management: Corporations using wiki platforms for knowledge management may face significant risks.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• CVE ID: CVE-2024-31983
• GHSA ID: GHSA-xxp2-9c9g-7wmj
• References:
  • GitHub Security Advisory
  • NVD Detail
  • GitHub Commits
  • Jira Issue

Exploitability:

• EPSS Score: 58 - Indicates a moderate likelihood of exploitation in the wild.

Mitigation Steps:

1. Identify Affected Systems: Use vulnerability scanners to identify systems running vulnerable versions of XWiki Platform.
2. Apply Patches: Upgrade to the patched versions as soon as possible.
3. Implement Workarounds: Restrict edit rights on documents containing translations as a temporary workaround.
4. Monitor and Log: Implement monitoring and logging to detect any suspicious activities related to translation edits.

Conclusion: The vulnerability in XWiki Platform is critical and requires immediate attention. Organizations should prioritize updating to the patched versions and implementing strict access controls to mitigate the risk of exploitation. Regular security audits and input validation practices are essential to prevent similar vulnerabilities in the future.