EUVD-2024-2085

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2024-2085

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability described in EUVD-2024-2085 affects the XWiki Platform, a generic wiki platform that provides runtime services for applications. The issue arises when an admin disables a user account, causing the user's profile to be executed with admin rights. This allows a malicious user to inject and execute arbitrary code, potentially leading to severe security breaches.

Severity Evaluation:

• CVSS Base Score: 9.1
• CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

The high CVSS score indicates a critical vulnerability due to the following factors:

• Attack Vector (AV:N): The vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network.
• Attack Complexity (AC:L): The attack requires low complexity to execute.
• Privileges Required (PR:L): The attacker needs low privileges (user-level access).
• User Interaction (UI:R): The attack requires some user interaction (admin action).
• Scope (S:C): The vulnerability affects components beyond the security scope managed by the security authority.
• Confidentiality (C:H), Integrity (I:H), Availability (A:H): The vulnerability has a high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

1. Malicious Code Injection: An attacker can inject malicious code into their user profile before an admin disables their account.
2. Privilege Escalation: The injected code is executed with admin privileges, allowing the attacker to perform actions with elevated rights.

Exploitation Methods:

1. Groovy Script Injection: The attacker can place a Groovy script in the user profile's "about" section, which will be executed when the admin disables the account.
2. Logging Manipulation: The example provided shows how an attacker can manipulate logging to confirm the vulnerability.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

The vulnerability affects the following versions of the XWiki Platform:

• 15.0-rc-1, < 15.5.5
• 13.4.7, ≤ 13.5
• 16.0.0-rc-1, < 16.0.0
• 13.10.3, < 14.10.21
• 15.6-rc-1, < 15.10.6

Patched Versions:

• 14.10.21
• 15.5.5
• 15.10.6
• 16.0.0

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

Immediate Actions:

1. Upgrade: Users are strongly advised to upgrade to the patched versions of XWiki Platform (14.10.21, 15.5.5, 15.10.6, or 16.0.0).
2. Monitoring: Implement monitoring for unusual activities in logs, especially those related to user profile modifications and admin actions.

Long-Term Strategies:

1. Access Control: Enforce strict access controls and regularly review user permissions.
2. Code Review: Conduct thorough code reviews and security audits to identify and mitigate similar vulnerabilities.
3. Security Training: Provide training for administrators and users on recognizing and avoiding potential security threats.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizations using the XWiki Platform, particularly those in the European Union. The potential for unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromises can have severe implications for data protection and compliance with regulations such as GDPR. Organizations must prioritize patching and implementing robust security measures to mitigate these risks.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Reproduction Steps:

1. User Action: As a user without script or programming rights, edit the "about" section of your user profile and add the following Groovy script:

   {{groovy}}services.logging.getLogger("attacker").error("Hello from Groovy!"){{/groovy}}
   

2. Admin Action: As an admin, go to the user profile and click the "Disable this account" button.
3. Verification: Reload the page and check the logs for the entry attacker - Hello from Groovy!. If present, the instance is vulnerable.

References:

• Jira Issue: XWIKI-21611
• GitHub Commit: f89c8f47fad6e5cc7e68c69a7e0acde07f5eed5a
• Security Advisory: GHSA-j584-j2vj-3f93
• NVD Entry: CVE-2024-37899

Additional Commits:

• 046c36519a2df392c922c16d0d38472b98c414d0
• 233b08b26580df4b7a595882dac65ed4e4a2419c
• 2b55c29562ccd20f8f0f85075f0c95b4ee9cd9be
• f8409419c5d0ddefe1bee55e73629a54275fa735

ENISA IDs:

• Product: [xwiki-platform]
• Vendor: [xwiki]

EPSS Score: 46

This comprehensive analysis underscores the critical nature of the vulnerability and the importance of immediate remediation to safeguard against potential exploits.