Description
Moby is an open-source project created by Docker for software containerization. A security vulnerability has been detected in certain versions of Docker Engine, which could allow an attacker to bypass authorization plugins (AuthZ) under specific circumstances. The base likelihood of this being exploited is low. Using a specially-crafted API request, an Engine API client could make the daemon forward the request or response to an authorization plugin without the body. In certain circumstances, the authorization plugin may allow a request which it would have otherwise denied if the body had been forwarded to it. A security issue was discovered In 2018, where an attacker could bypass AuthZ plugins using a specially crafted API request. This could lead to unauthorized actions, including privilege escalation. Although this issue was fixed in Docker Engine v18.09.1 in January 2019, the fix was not carried forward to later major versions, resulting in a regression. Anyone who depends on authorization plugins that introspect the request and/or response body to make access control decisions is potentially impacted. Docker EE v19.03.x and all versions of Mirantis Container Runtime are not vulnerable. docker-ce v27.1.1 containes patches to fix the vulnerability. Patches have also been merged into the master, 19.03, 20.0, 23.0, 24.0, 25.0, 26.0, and 26.1 release branches. If one is unable to upgrade immediately, avoid using AuthZ plugins and/or restrict access to the Docker API to trusted parties, following the principle of least privilege.
EPSS Score:
4%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2024-2415
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
Vulnerability Description: The vulnerability in certain versions of Docker Engine allows an attacker to bypass authorization plugins (AuthZ) using a specially crafted API request. This can lead to unauthorized actions, including privilege escalation. The issue was initially fixed in Docker Engine v18.09.1 but reintroduced in later versions due to a regression.
Severity Evaluation:
- Base Score: 10.0 (Critical)
- Base Score Version: CVSS:3.1
- Base Score Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
The CVSS score of 10.0 indicates a critical vulnerability. The high scores for Confidentiality (C:H), Integrity (I:H), and Availability (A:H) reflect the potential for significant impact if exploited. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires low complexity (AC:L), and low privileges (PR:L), making it relatively easy to exploit.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Network-Based Attack: An attacker can send a specially crafted API request over the network to bypass the authorization plugins.
- Insider Threat: An insider with low-level access to the Docker API could exploit this vulnerability to escalate privileges.
Exploitation Methods:
- Crafted API Request: The attacker crafts an API request that omits the body, causing the authorization plugin to allow the request.
- Privilege Escalation: Once the request is allowed, the attacker can perform unauthorized actions, potentially leading to full control over the Docker environment.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Versions:
- Docker Engine versions:
- 25.0.0 to 25.0.5
- 24.0.0 to 24.0.9
- 27.1.0
- 27.0.0 to 27.0.3
- 19.03.0 to 19.03.15
- 26.1.0 to 26.1.14
- 23.0.0 to 23.0.14
- 20.0.0 to 20.10.27
- 26.0.0 to 26.0.2
Unaffected Versions:
- Docker EE v19.03.x
- Mirantis Container Runtime (all versions)
- Docker CE v27.1.1 (contains patches)
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Immediate Mitigation:
- Avoid Using AuthZ Plugins: If immediate upgrade is not possible, avoid using authorization plugins.
- Restrict API Access: Follow the principle of least privilege by restricting access to the Docker API to trusted parties only.
Long-Term Mitigation:
- Upgrade to Patched Versions: Upgrade to Docker CE v27.1.1 or apply patches to the affected versions.
- Monitor and Audit: Implement continuous monitoring and auditing of Docker API requests to detect and respond to suspicious activities.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
Regulatory Compliance:
- GDPR: Unauthorized access to containerized applications could lead to data breaches, violating GDPR regulations.
- NIS Directive: Organizations in critical sectors must ensure the security of their IT systems, and this vulnerability could impact compliance.
Operational Impact:
- Service Disruption: Exploitation could lead to service disruptions, affecting business continuity.
- Data Integrity: Unauthorized actions could compromise the integrity of data within containerized applications.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Technical Overview:
- Vulnerability Type: Authorization Bypass
- CVE ID: CVE-2024-41110
- GHSA ID: GHSA-v23v-6jw2-98fq
Exploitation Details:
- API Request Manipulation: The attacker manipulates the API request to omit the body, causing the authorization plugin to misinterpret the request.
- Plugin Behavior: The authorization plugin, lacking the body, may allow the request, leading to unauthorized actions.
Patch Information:
- Patched Versions: Docker CE v27.1.1 and various release branches (19.03, 20.0, 23.0, 24.0, 25.0, 26.0, 26.1) have been updated with patches.
- Commit References:
- 411e817ddf710ff8e08fa193da80cb78af708191
- 42f40b1d6dd7562342f832b9cd2adf9e668eeb76
- 65cc597cea28cdc25bea3b8a86384b4251872919
- 852759a7df454cbf88db4e954c919becd48faa9b
- a31260625655cff9ae226b51757915e275e304b0
- a79fabbfe84117696a19671f4aa88b82d0f64fc1
- ae160b4edddb72ef4bd71f66b975a1a1cc434f00
- ae2b3666c517c96cbc2adf1af5591a6b00d4ec0f
- cc13f952511154a2866bddbb7dddebfe9e83b801
- fc274cd2ff4cf3b48c91697fb327dd1fb95588fb
References:
Conclusion: This vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizations using affected versions of Docker Engine. Immediate action is required to mitigate the risk, including upgrading to patched versions and implementing strict access controls. Continuous monitoring and adherence to best practices in container security are essential to protect against such vulnerabilities.