EUVD-2024-25354

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2024-25354

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

Vulnerability Description: The vulnerability in OpenMetadata's JwtFilter allows an attacker to bypass JWT authentication by manipulating the request path to include excluded endpoints. This can lead to unauthorized access to various endpoints, including those that may allow arbitrary SpEL (Spring Expression Language) expression injection.

Severity Evaluation:

• CVSS Base Score: 9.8
• CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The high CVSS score indicates a critical vulnerability due to its ease of exploitation (low complexity), lack of required privileges, and significant impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

• Path Parameter Manipulation: An attacker can craft a request path that includes excluded endpoints, bypassing JWT validation.
• Arbitrary SpEL Expression Injection: Once authentication is bypassed, the attacker can inject malicious SpEL expressions, leading to further exploitation.

Exploitation Methods:

• Example Request: GET /api/v1;v1%2fusers%2flogin/events/subscriptions/validation/condition/111
  • This request manipulates the path to include v1/users/login, which is an excluded endpoint, thereby bypassing JWT validation.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

Affected Software:

• OpenMetadata versions prior to 1.2.4

Affected Systems:

• Any system running the vulnerable versions of OpenMetadata, particularly those exposed to the internet or accessible by untrusted users.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

Immediate Mitigation:

• Upgrade: Upgrade to OpenMetadata version 1.2.4 or later, which addresses this vulnerability.

Additional Mitigations:

• Input Validation: Implement strict input validation to prevent path parameter manipulation.
• Monitoring: Enhance monitoring and logging to detect and respond to suspicious activities.
• Access Control: Limit access to critical endpoints and ensure proper authentication and authorization mechanisms are in place.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

Impact Analysis:

• Widespread Adoption: OpenMetadata is widely used for metadata management, making this vulnerability a significant risk for organizations relying on it.
• Data Breach Risk: The potential for authentication bypass and arbitrary code execution poses a high risk of data breaches and unauthorized access.
• Compliance Issues: Organizations may face compliance issues with regulations such as GDPR if sensitive data is compromised.

Regulatory and Compliance:

• GDPR Compliance: Ensure that personal data is protected and that any breaches are reported promptly.
• ENISA Guidelines: Follow ENISA guidelines for incident response and vulnerability management.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Technical Overview:

• JwtFilter Mechanism: The JwtFilter is responsible for validating JWT tokens for API requests. It checks the request path against a list of excluded endpoints.
• Vulnerability Mechanism: The vulnerability arises from the way the filter handles path parameters, allowing an attacker to craft a request that bypasses JWT validation.

Code References:

• JwtFilter.java:
  • Line 111: The code checks the request path against excluded endpoints.
  • Line 113: The code processes the request without JWT validation if the path matches an excluded endpoint.

References:

• GitHub Advisory
• JwtFilter.java Source Code

Conclusion: This vulnerability in OpenMetadata is critical and requires immediate attention. Organizations should prioritize upgrading to the patched version and implement additional security measures to mitigate the risk. The potential impact on data security and compliance underscores the importance of prompt action.