EUVD-2024-3226

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2024-3226

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability identified in EUVD-2024-3226 affects the happy-dom JavaScript library, which is a headless web browser implementation. Versions prior to 15.10.2 are susceptible to code execution via a script tag, allowing an attacker to run arbitrary code within the context of happy-dom.

Severity Evaluation:

• Base Score: 9.3 (Critical)
• Base Score Version: 4.0
• Base Score Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

The high base score indicates a critical vulnerability due to the potential for high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires low complexity (AC:L), and does not need user interaction (UI:N) or privileges (PR:N).

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

• Remote Code Execution (RCE): An attacker can inject malicious scripts into the happy-dom environment, leading to arbitrary code execution.
• Cross-Site Scripting (XSS): If happy-dom is used in a web application, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to perform XSS attacks, potentially stealing user data or manipulating the application.

Exploitation Methods:

• Script Injection: By injecting a <script> tag with malicious JavaScript code, an attacker can execute code within the happy-dom context.
• Malicious Input Handling: Exploiting input fields or parameters that are not properly sanitized to inject scripts.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

Affected Software:

• happy-dom versions prior to 15.10.2

Affected Systems:

• Any system or application that uses happy-dom for headless browser operations, including but not limited to:
  • Web scraping tools
  • Automated testing frameworks
  • Server-side rendering applications

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

Immediate Actions:

• Upgrade: Upgrade to happy-dom version 15.10.2 or later.
• Patch Management: Ensure that all dependencies and libraries are up to date.

Long-Term Strategies:

• Input Validation: Implement robust input validation and sanitization to prevent script injection.
• Content Security Policy (CSP): Use CSP to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts.
• Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits and code reviews to identify and mitigate similar vulnerabilities.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The vulnerability in happy-dom poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals within the European Union, particularly those relying on headless browser implementations for critical operations. The potential for remote code execution and data breaches could lead to:

• Data Theft: Unauthorized access to sensitive information.
• Service Disruption: Compromised systems leading to downtime and loss of service.
• Compliance Issues: Violations of GDPR and other regulatory requirements, resulting in legal and financial penalties.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• CVE ID: CVE-2024-51757
• GHSA ID: GHSA-96g7-g7g9-jxw8
• Affected Versions: happy-dom < 15.10.2
• Fixed Version: 15.10.2

References:

• GitHub Security Advisory
• NVD Detail
• GitHub Issue
• GitHub Pull Request
• GitHub Commits
• GitHub Commits
• GitHub Repository
• GitHub Release

Assigner: GitHub_M

ENISA IDs:

• Product: happy-dom < 15.10.2
• Vendor: capricorn86

EPSS: N/A

Conclusion

The vulnerability in happy-dom versions prior to 15.10.2 is critical and requires immediate attention. Organizations should prioritize upgrading to the latest version and implement additional security measures to mitigate the risk of exploitation. Regular monitoring and adherence to best practices in input validation and security policies are essential to safeguard against similar vulnerabilities in the future.