EUVD-2024-32742

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2024-32742

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability in the Build App Online plugin for WordPress, identified as EUVD-2024-32742, allows for authentication bypass due to a flaw in the email verification process. Specifically, the 'eb_user_email_verification_key' default value is empty, and the 'eb_user_email_verify' function lacks a non-empty check. This flaw enables unauthenticated attackers to log in as any existing user, including administrators, if they have access to the user ID and the 'Email Verification' setting is enabled.

Severity Evaluation:

• Base Score: 9.8 (CVSS:3.1)
• Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The high base score indicates a critical vulnerability. The attack vector (AV:N) is network-based, requiring low attack complexity (AC:L) and no privileges (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N). The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (C:H/I:H/A:H), making this a severe threat.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

1. Unauthenticated Access: An attacker can exploit this vulnerability without needing any authentication.
2. Network-Based Attack: The attack can be conducted remotely over the network.
3. User ID Knowledge: The attacker needs to know the user ID of the target user.

Exploitation Methods:

1. Email Verification Bypass: The attacker can bypass the email verification process by exploiting the empty 'eb_user_email_verification_key'.
2. User Impersonation: By knowing the user ID, the attacker can log in as that user, potentially gaining administrative access.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

Affected Software:

• Plugin: Build App Online for WordPress
• Versions: Up to and including 3.0.5

Affected Systems:

• WordPress Sites: Any WordPress site using the vulnerable versions of the Build App Online plugin.
• Integration: Sites integrating with Moodle LMS via the Edwiser Bridge plugin.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

1. Immediate Patching: Upgrade to the latest version of the Build App Online plugin that addresses this vulnerability.
2. Disable Email Verification: Temporarily disable the 'Email Verification' setting until the plugin is updated.
3. Monitoring and Logging: Implement enhanced monitoring and logging to detect any suspicious login attempts.
4. Access Controls: Restrict access to user IDs and other sensitive information.
5. Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The vulnerability poses a significant risk to European organizations using WordPress with the affected plugin, particularly those in education and e-learning sectors due to the Moodle LMS integration. The potential for unauthorized access to administrative accounts can lead to data breaches, unauthorized modifications, and service disruptions, impacting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of educational and organizational data.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• Function: 'eb_user_email_verify'
• Issue: Missing non-empty check for 'eb_user_email_verification_key'
• Condition: 'Email Verification' setting must be enabled

Code Reference:

• File: class-eb-user-manager.php
• Line: 1571
• Changeset: 3081961

References:

• Wordfence Threat Intel
• WordPress Plugin Repository

Aliases:

• CVE: CVE-2024-4186
• GSD: GSD-2024-4186

Assigner: Wordfence

EPSS Score: 4 (indicating a moderate likelihood of exploitation)

ENISA IDs:

• Product: Edwiser Bridge – WordPress Moodle LMS Integration (versions ≤3.0.5)
• Vendor: WisdmLabs

By addressing this vulnerability promptly and implementing robust security measures, organizations can mitigate the risk of unauthorized access and potential data breaches.