Description
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection') vulnerability allows OS Command Injection as root This issue affects Iocharger firmware for AC model chargers before version 24120701 Likelihood: Moderate – The <redacted> binary does not seem to be used by the web interface, so it might be more difficult to find. It seems to be largely the same binary as used by the Iocharger Pedestal charging station, however. The attacker will also need a (low privilege) account to gain access to the <redacted> binary, or convince a user with such access to execute a crafted HTTP request. Impact: Critical – The attacker has full control over the charging station as the root user, and can arbitrarily add, modify and delete files and services.
EPSS Score:
1%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2024-40396
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
The vulnerability described in EUVD-2024-40396 is a Command Injection flaw affecting the Iocharger firmware for AC model chargers before version 24120701. This vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands with root privileges, which is highly critical due to the potential for complete system compromise.
Severity Evaluation:
- Base Score: 9.3 (CVSS 4.0)
- Impact: Critical
- Likelihood: Moderate
The CVSS vector CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:H/S:P/AU:Y/R:U/V:D/RE:M indicates:
- Attack Vector (AV): Network (N)
- Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L)
- Privileges Required (PR): Low (L)
- User Interaction (UI): None (N)
- Confidentiality (VC), Integrity (VI), Availability (VA): High (H)
- Scope (S): Partial (P)
- Authentication (AU): Yes (Y)
- Remediation Level (R): Unavailable (U)
- Vulnerability Discovery (V): Discovered (D)
- Report Confidence (RE): Medium (M)
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Network-Based Attack: An attacker can exploit this vulnerability over the network without requiring physical access to the device.
- Low Privilege Account: The attacker needs a low privilege account or must convince a user with such access to execute a crafted HTTP request.
Exploitation Methods:
- Crafted HTTP Requests: The attacker can send specially crafted HTTP requests to the vulnerable binary, which processes these requests and executes the injected commands with root privileges.
- Social Engineering: Convincing a user with low privilege access to execute the crafted HTTP request.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Systems:
- Iocharger firmware for AC model chargers
Affected Software Versions:
- All versions before 24120701
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
-
Patch Management:
- Upgrade to Iocharger firmware version 24120701 or later, which addresses this vulnerability.
-
Access Control:
- Implement strict access controls to limit the number of users with low privilege access.
- Regularly review and audit user accounts to ensure minimal necessary access.
-
Network Segmentation:
- Segment the network to isolate critical systems and reduce the attack surface.
-
Monitoring and Logging:
- Enable comprehensive logging and monitoring to detect and respond to suspicious activities.
- Implement intrusion detection systems (IDS) to identify and alert on potential exploitation attempts.
-
User Education:
- Educate users about the risks of social engineering and the importance of not executing untrusted requests.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
The vulnerability poses a significant risk to the European cybersecurity landscape, particularly in the context of critical infrastructure such as electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. Compromise of these systems can lead to:
- Service Disruption: Unavailability of charging services.
- Data Breach: Unauthorized access to sensitive data.
- Safety Risks: Potential safety hazards if the charging process is tampered with.
Given the increasing reliance on EV infrastructure, this vulnerability underscores the need for robust cybersecurity measures in the energy sector.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Vulnerability Details:
- Type: Command Injection
- Affected Component: binary
- Exploitation: The binary does not seem to be used by the web interface directly, making it less obvious but still exploitable through crafted HTTP requests.
Detection and Response:
- Detection: Implement anomaly detection to identify unusual command executions or network traffic patterns.
- Response: Have an incident response plan in place to quickly isolate and remediate affected systems.
References:
Conclusion: The Command Injection vulnerability in Iocharger firmware represents a critical risk to the security and integrity of EV charging infrastructure. Immediate patching and implementation of robust security measures are essential to mitigate this threat.