Description
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection') vulnerability allows OS Command Injection as root This issue affects Iocharger firmware for AC model chargers before version 24120701. Likelihood: Moderate – The <redacted> binary does not seem to be used by the web interface, so it might be more difficult to find. It seems to be largely the same binary as used by the Iocharger Pedestal charging station, however. The attacker will also need a (low privilege) account to gain access to the <redacted> binary, or convince a user with such access to execute a crafted HTTP request. Impact: Critical – The attacker has full control over the charging station as the root user, and can arbitrarily add, modify and delete files and services. CVSS clarification: Any network interface serving the web ui is vulnerable (AV:N) and there are not additional security measures to circumvent (AC:L), nor does the attack require and existing preconditions (AT:N). The attack is authenticated, but the level of authentication does not matter (PR:L), nor is any user interaction required (UI:N). The attack leads to a full compromised (VC:H/VI:H/VA:H), and compromised devices can be used to pivot into networks that should potentially not be accessible (SC:L/SI:L/SA:H). Becuase this is an EV charger handing significant power, there is a potential safety impact (S:P). This attack can be automated (AU:Y).
EPSS Score:
2%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2024-40397
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
The vulnerability described in EUVD-2024-40397 is a Command Injection flaw in the Iocharger firmware for AC model chargers before version 24120701. This vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands with root privileges. The severity of this vulnerability is critical due to the potential for full system compromise and the ability to pivot into other networks.
CVSS Base Score: 9.3 CVSS Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:H/S:P/AU:Y
The high CVSS score indicates a severe vulnerability with significant potential impact. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires low complexity (AC:L), and does not need any preconditions (AT:N). The attacker needs low-level privileges (PR:L) and no user interaction (UI:N). The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (VC:H/VI:H/VA:H), and the safety impact is potentially significant (S:P).
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Network-Based Attack: The attacker can exploit this vulnerability over the network, targeting any interface serving the web UI.
- Authenticated Access: The attacker needs a low-privilege account to access the vulnerable binary or convince a user with such access to execute a crafted HTTP request.
Exploitation Methods:
- Command Injection: The attacker can inject malicious commands into the vulnerable binary, leading to arbitrary command execution with root privileges.
- Crafted HTTP Requests: By crafting specific HTTP requests, the attacker can trigger the vulnerability and gain control over the charging station.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Systems:
- Iocharger firmware for AC model chargers
Affected Versions:
- All versions before 24120701
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Immediate Mitigation:
- Update Firmware: Upgrade to the latest firmware version (24120701 or later) to mitigate the vulnerability.
- Access Control: Implement strict access controls to limit low-privilege accounts and monitor for unusual activity.
- Network Segmentation: Segment the network to isolate charging stations from other critical systems.
Long-Term Mitigation:
- Regular Patching: Ensure regular updates and patches are applied to all firmware and software.
- Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments.
- Intrusion Detection: Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS) to monitor for suspicious activity.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
The vulnerability poses a significant risk to the European cybersecurity landscape, particularly in the context of critical infrastructure such as electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. The potential for full system compromise and the ability to pivot into other networks can lead to widespread disruptions and safety concerns. This underscores the need for robust cybersecurity measures in the EV charging infrastructure.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Vulnerability Details:
- Type: Command Injection
- Affected Component: binary in the Iocharger firmware
- Exploitation: Requires low-privilege access and crafted HTTP requests
Detection and Response:
- Log Analysis: Monitor logs for unusual command execution and HTTP requests.
- Behavioral Analysis: Implement behavioral analysis tools to detect anomalous activities.
- Incident Response: Develop an incident response plan specific to EV charging infrastructure to quickly address and mitigate such vulnerabilities.
References:
Conclusion: The Command Injection vulnerability in Iocharger firmware for AC model chargers is a critical issue that requires immediate attention. Organizations should prioritize firmware updates, implement strict access controls, and enhance monitoring and response capabilities to mitigate the risk. The European cybersecurity landscape must address such vulnerabilities proactively to ensure the security and safety of critical infrastructure.