Description
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection') vulnerability allows OS Command Injection as root This issue affects Iocharger firmware for AC model chargers before version 24120701. Likelihood: Moderate – The attacker will first need to find the name of the script, and needs a (low privilege) account to gain access to the script, or convince a user with such access to execute a request to it. Impact: Critical – The attacker has full control over the charging station as the root user, and can arbitrarily add, modify and deletefiles and services. CVSS clarification: Any network interface serving the web ui is vulnerable (AV:N) and there are not additional security measures to circumvent (AC:L), nor does the attack require and existing preconditions (AT:N). The attack is authenticated, but the level of authentication does not matter (PR:L), nor is any user interaction required (UI:N). The attack leads to a full compromised (VC:H/VI:H/VA:H), and compromised devices can be used to pivot into networks that should potentially not be accessible (SC:L/SI:L/SA:H). Becuase this is an EV charger handing significant power, there is a potential safety impact (S:P). This attack can be automated (AU:Y).
EPSS Score:
2%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2024-40399
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
The vulnerability described in EUVD-2024-40399 pertains to a Command Injection flaw in the Iocharger firmware for AC model chargers before version 24120701. This vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands with root privileges. The severity of this vulnerability is critical due to the potential for full system compromise and the significant safety implications associated with EV chargers handling high power.
CVSS Base Score: 9.3
- Attack Vector (AV:N): The vulnerability can be exploited over the network.
- Attack Complexity (AC:L): The attack is relatively straightforward, requiring low complexity.
- Authentication (PR:L): The attack requires low-level authentication, but the specific level does not significantly impact the exploitability.
- User Interaction (UI:N): No user interaction is required.
- Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability Impact (VC:H/VI:H/VA:H): The attack results in high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
- Safety Impact (S:P): There is a potential safety impact due to the nature of the device.
- Automation (AU:Y): The attack can be automated.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Network-Based Exploitation: An attacker can exploit the vulnerability over the network by targeting the web UI of the charging station.
- Low-Privilege Account Access: The attacker needs a low-privilege account to gain access to the script or convince a user with such access to execute a request.
Exploitation Methods:
- Command Injection: The attacker can inject malicious commands into the script, leading to arbitrary command execution with root privileges.
- Pivoting: Once the charging station is compromised, it can be used as a pivot point to access other networks that should not be accessible.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Systems:
- Iocharger firmware for AC model chargers
Affected Versions:
- All versions before 24120701
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
- Firmware Update: Immediately update the firmware to version 24120701 or later.
- Network Segmentation: Implement network segmentation to isolate charging stations from other critical networks.
- Access Control: Enforce strict access controls and limit the number of low-privilege accounts.
- Monitoring and Logging: Implement robust monitoring and logging to detect and respond to suspicious activities.
- User Education: Educate users about the risks of executing requests from untrusted sources.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
The vulnerability poses a significant risk to the European cybersecurity landscape, particularly in the context of critical infrastructure. EV chargers are becoming increasingly prevalent, and their compromise could lead to widespread disruptions and potential safety hazards. The ability to pivot from compromised chargers to other networks underscores the need for robust cybersecurity measures across interconnected systems.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Vulnerability Details:
- Type: Command Injection
- Impact: Full control over the charging station as the root user, allowing arbitrary file and service manipulation.
- Exploitation: Requires knowledge of the script name and low-privilege account access.
CVSS Vector:
- CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:H/S:P/AU:Y
References:
Assigner:
- DIVD
EPSS Score:
- 2 (indicating a moderate likelihood of exploitation in the wild)
ENISA IDs:
- Product: Iocharger firmware for AC models (versions 0 < 24120701)
- Vendor: Iocharger
Conclusion
The Command Injection vulnerability in Iocharger firmware for AC model chargers is a critical issue that requires immediate attention. Organizations should prioritize firmware updates and implement robust security measures to mitigate the risk. The potential for widespread disruption and safety hazards underscores the importance of proactive cybersecurity strategies in the European landscape.