Description
Integer overflow in libaom internal function img_alloc_helper can lead to heap buffer overflow. This function can be reached via 3 callers: * Calling aom_img_alloc() with a large value of the d_w, d_h, or align parameter may result in integer overflows in the calculations of buffer sizes and offsets and some fields of the returned aom_image_t struct may be invalid. * Calling aom_img_wrap() with a large value of the d_w, d_h, or align parameter may result in integer overflows in the calculations of buffer sizes and offsets and some fields of the returned aom_image_t struct may be invalid. * Calling aom_img_alloc_with_border() with a large value of the d_w, d_h, align, size_align, or border parameter may result in integer overflows in the calculations of buffer sizes and offsets and some fields of the returned aom_image_t struct may be invalid.
EPSS Score:
1%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2024-46420
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
The vulnerability EUVD-2024-46420, also known as CVE-2024-5171, is an integer overflow in the libaom library's internal function img_alloc_helper. This flaw can lead to a heap buffer overflow, which is a critical issue due to its potential for arbitrary code execution and system compromise. The CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) base score of 10.0 indicates the highest severity level, reflecting the ease of exploitation and the significant impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
The vulnerability can be exploited through three primary vectors:
- aom_img_alloc(): By passing large values for the
d_w,d_h, oralignparameters, an attacker can trigger an integer overflow. - aom_img_wrap(): Similarly, large values for the
d_w,d_h, oralignparameters can cause an overflow. - aom_img_alloc_with_border(): Large values for the
d_w,d_h,align,size_align, orborderparameters can also result in an overflow.
Exploitation methods may include crafting malicious input data that, when processed by the vulnerable functions, causes the integer overflow. This can lead to heap corruption, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code, crash the application, or manipulate data.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
The vulnerability affects libaom versions from 1.0.0 to 3.9.0. Systems and applications that use these versions of libaom are at risk. This includes but is not limited to:
- Multimedia applications that rely on
libaomfor video encoding and decoding. - Web browsers and other software that incorporate
libaomfor AV1 codec support. - Any system that processes untrusted video data using
libaom.
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
To mitigate the risk associated with this vulnerability, the following steps are recommended:
- Update to a Patched Version: Upgrade to a version of
libaomthat includes the fix for this vulnerability. - Input Validation: Implement strict input validation to ensure that parameters passed to the vulnerable functions are within safe ranges.
- Memory Protection: Use memory protection techniques such as Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) and Data Execution Prevention (DEP) to mitigate the impact of potential exploits.
- Monitoring and Logging: Enhance monitoring and logging to detect any unusual activity that may indicate an attempt to exploit this vulnerability.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
The impact of this vulnerability on the European cybersecurity landscape is significant due to the widespread use of libaom in various multimedia applications and web browsers. The potential for remote code execution and data manipulation poses a serious threat to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of affected systems. Organizations and individuals in Europe should prioritize patching and mitigation efforts to protect against potential exploits.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Vulnerability Details:
- Function:
img_alloc_helper - Parameters:
d_w,d_h,align,size_align,border - Impact: Integer overflow leading to heap buffer overflow
Exploitation Steps:
- Identify the vulnerable function calls in the application.
- Craft input data with large values for the specified parameters.
- Trigger the integer overflow to corrupt the heap.
- Exploit the heap corruption to achieve arbitrary code execution or other malicious actions.
Detection and Response:
- Detection: Use static and dynamic analysis tools to identify vulnerable function calls and monitor for unusual memory access patterns.
- Response: Implement immediate patches and enhance input validation mechanisms. Conduct thorough testing to ensure that the mitigations are effective.
References:
By addressing this vulnerability promptly and comprehensively, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of exploitation and protect their systems from potential attacks.