Description
The Linear eMerge e3-Series through version 1.00-07 is vulnerable to an OS command injection vulnerability. A remote and unauthenticated attacker can execute arbitrary OS commands via the login_id parameter when invoking the forgot_password functionality over HTTP.
EPSS Score:
79%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2024-49940
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
The vulnerability described in EUVD-2024-49940 pertains to an OS command injection flaw in the Linear eMerge e3-Series through version 1.00-07. This vulnerability allows a remote and unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands via the login_id parameter when invoking the forgot_password functionality over HTTP.
Severity Evaluation:
- Base Score: 9.8 (CVSS:3.1)
- Base Score Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
The high base score of 9.8 indicates a critical vulnerability. The CVSS vector breakdown reveals:
- Attack Vector (AV): Network (N)
- Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L)
- Privileges Required (PR): None (N)
- User Interaction (UI): None (N)
- Scope (S): Unchanged (U)
- Confidentiality (C): High (H)
- Integrity (I): High (H)
- Availability (A): High (H)
This combination signifies that the vulnerability can be exploited remotely with low complexity, requiring no privileges or user interaction, and can result in high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Remote Command Execution: An attacker can send specially crafted HTTP requests to the
forgot_passwordendpoint, injecting OS commands through thelogin_idparameter. - Unauthenticated Access: The attacker does not need any authentication to exploit this vulnerability, making it highly accessible.
Exploitation Methods:
- Command Injection: By manipulating the
login_idparameter, an attacker can inject malicious commands that the underlying OS will execute. - Automated Scripts: Attackers can use automated scripts to scan for vulnerable systems and exploit them en masse.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Systems:
- Linear eMerge e3-Series devices
Software Versions:
- All versions up to and including 1.00-07
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Immediate Mitigation:
- Patching: Apply the latest firmware update from the vendor that addresses this vulnerability.
- Network Segmentation: Isolate affected devices from public networks to limit exposure.
- Firewall Rules: Implement strict firewall rules to block unauthorized access to the
forgot_passwordendpoint.
Long-Term Mitigation:
- Regular Updates: Ensure that all devices are regularly updated with the latest security patches.
- Input Validation: Implement robust input validation mechanisms to prevent command injection attacks.
- Monitoring: Use intrusion detection systems (IDS) and intrusion prevention systems (IPS) to monitor for suspicious activity.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
The vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizations using Linear eMerge e3-Series devices, particularly in critical infrastructure sectors such as healthcare, finance, and government. The potential for remote command execution without authentication can lead to widespread data breaches, system compromises, and operational disruptions.
Regulatory Compliance:
- Organizations must ensure compliance with relevant EU regulations, such as GDPR and NIS Directive, to protect sensitive data and critical infrastructure.
Public Awareness:
- Increased awareness and training for IT and security personnel on the risks associated with command injection vulnerabilities.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Vulnerability Details:
- Vulnerable Endpoint:
forgot_password - Vulnerable Parameter:
login_id - Exploitation Method: Inject OS commands via the
login_idparameter in HTTP requests.
Example Exploit:
POST /forgot_password HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-device.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
login_id=;ls -la;
Detection:
- Log Analysis: Monitor logs for unusual command execution patterns.
- Network Traffic: Use network monitoring tools to detect anomalous HTTP requests targeting the
forgot_passwordendpoint.
Remediation:
- Code Review: Conduct a thorough code review to identify and fix all instances of command injection vulnerabilities.
- Security Testing: Regularly perform penetration testing and vulnerability assessments to identify and mitigate similar issues.
References:
By addressing this vulnerability promptly and implementing robust security measures, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of exploitation and protect their critical assets.