EUVD-2024-54698

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2024-54698

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

Vulnerability Description: The vulnerability EUVD-2024-54698 allows an unauthenticated attacker who knows the target device's serial number to generate the default administrator password for the device. The attacker can first discover the target device's serial number via CVE-2024-51977 over HTTP/HTTPS/IPP, or via a PJL request, or via an SNMP request.

Severity Evaluation:

• CVSS Score: 9.8
• CVSS Version: 3.1
• CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The high CVSS score of 9.8 indicates a critical vulnerability. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires low complexity (AC:L), and does not require user interaction (UI:N). The impact is severe, affecting confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H).

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

1. HTTP/HTTPS/IPP: An attacker can exploit CVE-2024-51977 to discover the serial number.
2. PJL Request: An attacker can send a PJL request to obtain the serial number.
3. SNMP Request: An attacker can use an SNMP request to retrieve the serial number.

Exploitation Methods:

1. Serial Number Discovery: The attacker uses one of the above methods to discover the serial number of the target device.
2. Password Generation: Using the discovered serial number, the attacker generates the default administrator password.
3. Unauthorized Access: The attacker uses the generated password to gain unauthorized access to the device's administrative interface.
4. Further Exploitation: Once access is gained, the attacker can perform various malicious activities, such as data exfiltration, configuration changes, or installing malware.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

Affected Products: The vulnerability affects a wide range of Brother devices, including printers, scanners, and multifunction devices. The affected models and their respective versions are listed below:

• TD-4520DN: 0 ≤1.38
• HL-L2370DNR: 0 ≤1.74(ZE)
• HL-B2188DW: 0 ≤1.13(E)
• DCP-B7620DW: 0 ≤1.20(J)
• HL-B2180DW: 0 ≤1.15(J)
• MFC-J893N: 0 ≤1.13(L)
• HL-L2385DW: 0 ≤1.74(ZE)
• MFC-J939DWN: 0 ≤1.13(L)
• RJ-2140: 0 ≤1.10
• SP-1 (for Japan): 0 ≤1.06(C)
• ADS-2700We: 0 ≤P(2.28)
• HL-L6415DW: 0 ≤1.16(G)
• HL-B2180DW: 0 ≤1.15(J)
• PT-E850TKW (for China): 0 ≤1.82
• DCP-L2600D: 0 ≤1.20(J)
• MFC-J5340DWE: 0 ≤1.20(L)
• DCP-L1630W: 0 ≤1.05(B)
• MFC-J5335DW: 0 ≤W
• DCP-J898N: 0 ≤X
• HL-L2400DW: 0 ≤1.15(J)
• SP-1: 0 ≤1.06(C)
• ADS-2700We: 0 ≤P(2.28)
• HL-L6415DW: 0 ≤1.16(G)
• HL-B2180DW: 0 ≤1.15(J)
• PT-E850TKW (for China): 0 ≤1.82
• DCP-L2600D: 0 ≤1.20(J)
• MFC-J5340DWE: 0 ≤1.20(L)
• DCP-L1630W: 0 ≤1.05(B)
• MFC-J5335DW: 0 ≤W
• DCP-J898N: 0 ≤X
• HL-L2400DW: 0 ≤1.15(J)

Note: The full list of affected products and versions is extensive and can be found in the provided references.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

1. Firmware Update: Immediately update the firmware of all affected devices to the latest version provided by Brother.
2. Password Management: Change the default administrator password to a strong, unique password.
3. Network Segmentation: Isolate printers and multifunction devices on a separate network segment to limit access.
4. Access Control: Implement strict access controls and monitor access to administrative interfaces.
5. Disable Unnecessary Protocols: Disable protocols such as SNMP and PJL if they are not required for device operation.
6. Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments of networked devices.
7. User Education: Educate users about the risks of using default passwords and the importance of strong password policies.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals across Europe using Brother devices. The widespread use of these devices in offices, homes, and industrial settings means that a successful exploit could lead to widespread unauthorized access, data breaches, and potential disruption of services. The high CVSS score underscores the critical nature of this vulnerability, necessitating immediate attention from cybersecurity professionals and organizations.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Technical Analysis:

• Vulnerability Type: Default Credentials, Information Disclosure
• Exploit Complexity: Low
• Attack Surface: Network-based
• Impact: Full administrative access, potential data exfiltration, configuration changes, malware installation

Detection and Response:

1. Detection:

   • Monitor network traffic for unusual access patterns to printer and multifunction devices.
   • Use intrusion detection systems (IDS) to detect unauthorized access attempts.
   • Implement logging and alerting for administrative access to networked devices.

2. Response:

   • Immediately update affected devices to the latest firmware.
   • Change default credentials and enforce strong password policies.
   • Conduct a thorough review of device configurations and access logs to identify any unauthorized access.
   • Implement network segmentation and access controls to limit future risks.

References:

• Brother Support
• Brother Support
• Brother Support
• Rapid7 Blog
• GitHub Repository
• Vulnerability Disclosure Whitepaper

Assigner: Rapid7

ENISA ID Vendor:

• Toshiba Tec
• Brother Industries, Ltd

This comprehensive analysis should help cybersecurity professionals understand the severity of the vulnerability, identify potential attack vectors, and implement effective mitigation strategies to protect their networks and devices.