Description
Nagios XI versions prior to 2024R1.2 contain a command injection vulnerability in the Docker Wizard. Insufficient validation of user-supplied input in the wizard allows an authenticated administrator to inject shell metacharacters that are incorporated into backend command invocations. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary command execution with the privileges of the Nagios XI web application user.
EPSS Score:
0%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2024-55054
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
Vulnerability Description: The vulnerability in Nagios XI versions prior to 2024R1.2 involves a command injection flaw in the Docker Wizard. This flaw arises due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input, allowing an authenticated administrator to inject shell metacharacters into backend command invocations.
Severity Evaluation:
The vulnerability has a CVSS Base Score of 9.4, which is considered critical. The CVSS vector CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H indicates the following:
- Attack Vector (AV): Network (N)
- Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L)
- Authentication (AT): None (N)
- Privileges Required (PR): High (H)
- User Interaction (UI): None (N)
- Confidentiality (VC): High (H)
- Integrity (VI): High (H)
- Availability (VA): High (H)
- Scope (SC): High (H)
- Scope Integrity (SI): High (H)
- Scope Availability (SA): High (H)
This high severity score underscores the potential for significant impact if exploited, including unauthorized command execution with elevated privileges.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Authenticated Administrator: An attacker with administrative privileges can exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious commands through the Docker Wizard interface.
- Network Access: The attack can be executed over the network, making it accessible to remote attackers with the necessary credentials.
Exploitation Methods:
- Shell Metacharacters Injection: The attacker can input shell metacharacters (e.g.,
;,&&,|) into the Docker Wizard fields, which are then executed by the backend system. - Arbitrary Command Execution: By injecting commands, the attacker can execute arbitrary shell commands with the privileges of the Nagios XI web application user, potentially leading to full system compromise.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Systems:
- Nagios XI versions prior to 2024R1.2
Software Versions:
- All versions of Nagios XI before the release of 2024R1.2 are vulnerable to this command injection flaw.
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Immediate Mitigation:
- Upgrade to the Latest Version: Upgrade to Nagios XI version 2024R1.2 or later, which includes the fix for this vulnerability.
- Input Validation: Implement additional input validation and sanitization mechanisms to prevent the injection of shell metacharacters.
- Least Privilege Principle: Ensure that the Nagios XI web application user has the minimum necessary privileges to reduce the impact of potential command execution.
Long-Term Mitigation:
- Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and code reviews to identify and mitigate similar vulnerabilities.
- User Training: Educate administrators on the risks of command injection and best practices for secure input handling.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
Impact Analysis:
- Critical Infrastructure: Nagios XI is widely used for monitoring critical infrastructure, making this vulnerability a significant risk for organizations relying on it.
- Data Integrity and Confidentiality: Successful exploitation can lead to data breaches, unauthorized access, and potential disruption of services, impacting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of monitored systems.
- Regulatory Compliance: Organizations must ensure compliance with European cybersecurity regulations, such as GDPR and NIS Directive, by promptly addressing this vulnerability.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Technical Insights:
- Detection: Implement monitoring and logging mechanisms to detect unusual command executions and input patterns indicative of command injection attempts.
- Response: Develop incident response plans specifically addressing command injection vulnerabilities, including steps for containment, eradication, and recovery.
- Prevention: Use secure coding practices, such as parameterized queries and input validation libraries, to prevent similar vulnerabilities in future software development.
References:
By addressing this vulnerability promptly and comprehensively, organizations can mitigate the risks associated with command injection and ensure the security and reliability of their monitoring systems.