EUVD-2025-10417

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-10417

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability EUVD-2025-10417, also known as CVE-2025-32461, affects the wikiplugin_includetpl in the lib/wiki-plugins/wikiplugin_includetpl.php file of Tiki versions prior to 28.3. This vulnerability involves the mishandling of input to an eval function, which can lead to arbitrary code execution. The severity of this vulnerability is rated with a CVSS Base Score of 9.9, indicating a critical risk.

CVSS Vector Breakdown:

• AV:N (Network Vector): The vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network.
• AC:L (Low Complexity): The attack requires low skill or resources to exploit.
• PR:L (Low Privileges Required): The attacker needs low-level privileges to exploit the vulnerability.
• UI:N (No User Interaction): No user interaction is required for the attack to succeed.
• S:C (Changed Scope): The vulnerability can affect resources beyond the security scope managed by the security authority.
• C:H (High Confidentiality Impact): The vulnerability can result in a high level of confidentiality breach.
• I:H (High Integrity Impact): The vulnerability can result in a high level of integrity breach.
• A:H (High Availability Impact): The vulnerability can result in a high level of availability breach.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

The primary attack vector for this vulnerability is through the eval function, which executes arbitrary code provided by the attacker. Potential exploitation methods include:

• Remote Code Execution (RCE): An attacker can inject malicious code through the wikiplugin_includetpl plugin, leading to arbitrary code execution on the server.
• Cross-Site Scripting (XSS): If the input is not properly sanitized, an attacker could inject malicious scripts that execute in the context of the user's browser.
• Privilege Escalation: An attacker with low-level privileges could exploit this vulnerability to gain higher privileges on the system.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

The vulnerability affects the following versions of Tiki:

• Tiki versions 22.x before 24.8
• Tiki versions 0.x before 21.12
• Tiki versions 28.x before 28.3
• Tiki versions 25.x before 27.2

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

To mitigate the risk associated with this vulnerability, the following strategies are recommended:

• Upgrade to Fixed Versions: Upgrade Tiki to one of the fixed versions: 21.12, 24.8, 27.2, or 28.3.
• Input Validation and Sanitization: Ensure that all user inputs are properly validated and sanitized before being processed by the application.
• Disable Unnecessary Plugins: Disable the wikiplugin_includetpl plugin if it is not required for the application's functionality.
• Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and code reviews to identify and mitigate similar vulnerabilities.
• Implement Web Application Firewalls (WAF): Use WAFs to monitor and block malicious traffic targeting the vulnerable plugin.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizations using Tiki within the European Union. Given the critical nature of the vulnerability, it could lead to data breaches, unauthorized access, and potential disruption of services. Organizations must prioritize patching and mitigation efforts to protect sensitive information and maintain service continuity.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• File Affected: lib/wiki-plugins/wikiplugin_includetpl.php
• Function Affected: eval
• Input Handling Issue: The input to the eval function is not properly sanitized, allowing for arbitrary code execution.

References for Further Analysis:

• Tiki Article 517
• Tiki Article 518
• GitLab Commit be8dc1aa220fbceb07a7a5dc36416243afccd358
• GitLab Commit 801ed912390c2aa6caf12b7b953e200f5d4bc0b1
• GitLab Commit 406bea4f6c379a23903ecfd55e538d90fd669ab0
• GitLab Commit 9ffb4ab21bd86837370666ecd6afd868f3d7877a
• GitLab Commit f3f36c1ac702479209acfcaec5789d2fd1f996bc

Patch Analysis:

• The patches address the input handling issue by ensuring that the input to the eval function is properly sanitized and validated.
• The fixed versions (21.12, 24.8, 27.2, and 28.3) include these patches and additional security enhancements.

By following the recommended mitigation strategies and staying informed about the latest security updates, organizations can effectively protect against this critical vulnerability.