Description
Improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('OS Command Injection') issue exists in I-O DATA network attached hard disk 'HDL-T Series' firmware Ver.1.21 and earlier when 'Remote Link3 function' is enabled. If exploited, a remote unauthenticated attacker may execute an arbitrary OS command.
EPSS Score:
0%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-15148
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
The vulnerability described in EUVD-2025-15148 pertains to an OS Command Injection issue in the I-O DATA network attached hard disk 'HDL-T Series' firmware versions 1.21 and earlier. This vulnerability allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands when the 'Remote Link3 function' is enabled. The severity of this vulnerability is rated with a CVSS Base Score of 9.8, which is considered critical.
CVSS Vector Breakdown:
- AV:N (Network Vector): The vulnerability is exploitable over the network.
- AC:L (Low Complexity): The attack requires low skill or resources.
- PR:N (No Privileges Required): No authentication is needed to exploit the vulnerability.
- UI:N (No User Interaction): No user interaction is required for the attack to succeed.
- S:U (Unchanged): The scope of the vulnerability does not change.
- C:H (High Confidentiality Impact): Complete loss of confidentiality.
- I:H (High Integrity Impact): Complete loss of integrity.
- A:H (High Availability Impact): Complete loss of availability.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Remote Exploitation: An attacker can exploit this vulnerability over the network without needing physical access to the device.
- Unauthenticated Access: The attacker does not need any credentials to exploit the vulnerability.
Exploitation Methods:
- Command Injection: The attacker can inject malicious commands into the OS command line, leading to arbitrary command execution.
- Automated Scripts: Attackers can use automated scripts to scan for vulnerable devices and execute commands remotely.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
The vulnerability affects the following I-O DATA HDL-T Series products with firmware versions 1.21 and earlier:
- HDL-TC500
- HDL-T3WH
- HDL-T2WH
- HDL-T2NV
- HDL-T1WH
- HDL-T3NV
- HDL-T1NV
- HDL-TC1
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Immediate Actions:
- Disable Remote Link3 Function: Immediately disable the 'Remote Link3 function' to mitigate the risk of exploitation.
- Network Segmentation: Isolate affected devices from the public internet and place them behind a firewall.
- Monitoring: Implement continuous monitoring for unusual network activity and command execution on affected devices.
Long-Term Actions:
- Firmware Update: Apply the latest firmware updates provided by I-O DATA as soon as they are available.
- Access Control: Implement strict access controls and authentication mechanisms for network-connected devices.
- Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments of network-attached storage devices.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
The vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals within the European Union that use the affected I-O DATA HDL-T Series devices. The potential for unauthenticated remote command execution can lead to data breaches, unauthorized access, and disruption of services. This underscores the importance of timely patch management and robust cybersecurity practices to protect against such threats.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Detection:
- Network Traffic Analysis: Monitor network traffic for unusual command execution patterns and unauthorized access attempts.
- Log Analysis: Review system logs for any signs of command injection or unauthorized command execution.
Prevention:
- Input Validation: Ensure that all input is properly validated and sanitized to prevent command injection attacks.
- Least Privilege: Implement the principle of least privilege to limit the impact of potential exploits.
- Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Deploy IDS to detect and alert on suspicious activities related to command injection.
Response:
- Incident Response Plan: Have a well-defined incident response plan in place to quickly address any detected exploitation attempts.
- Patch Management: Ensure that a robust patch management process is in place to apply updates promptly.
References:
By following these recommendations and maintaining vigilant cybersecurity practices, organizations can significantly reduce the risk associated with this critical vulnerability.