Description
MedDream PACS Server DICOM File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of MedDream PACS Server. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of DICOM files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the service account. Was ZDI-CAN-25826.
EPSS Score:
0%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-16100
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
The vulnerability EUVD-2025-16100, also known as CVE-2025-3482, is a critical stack-based buffer overflow in the MedDream PACS Server. This flaw occurs during the parsing of DICOM files, where the server fails to validate the length of user-supplied data before copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. This oversight allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code without requiring authentication.
Severity Evaluation:
- CVSS Base Score: 9.8 (Critical)
- CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
The high base score indicates that this vulnerability poses a significant risk. The attack vector (AV:N) is network-based, requiring low complexity (AC:L) and no privileges (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N). The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (C:H/I:H/A:H), making it a critical issue.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Remote Code Execution (RCE): An attacker can send a specially crafted DICOM file to the MedDream PACS Server, causing a buffer overflow and allowing the execution of arbitrary code.
- Denial of Service (DoS): The buffer overflow can also be exploited to crash the server, leading to a denial of service.
Exploitation Methods:
- Crafted DICOM Files: Attackers can create malicious DICOM files with oversized data fields that, when parsed by the server, cause a stack-based buffer overflow.
- Network-Based Attacks: Since the attack vector is network-based, attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the internet or local network without needing physical access to the server.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Systems:
- MedDream PACS Server: Specifically, the Premium version 7.3.3.840.
Software Versions:
- MedDream PACS Premium 7.3.3.840: This version is explicitly mentioned as vulnerable. Other versions may also be affected, but this requires further investigation.
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Immediate Actions:
- Patch Management: Apply the latest patches and updates provided by MedDream as soon as they are available.
- Network Segmentation: Isolate the PACS server from the public internet and restrict access to trusted networks only.
- Input Validation: Implement additional input validation mechanisms to sanitize DICOM files before they are processed by the server.
Long-Term Strategies:
- Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments to identify and mitigate similar issues.
- Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Deploy IDS to monitor for suspicious activities and potential exploitation attempts.
- User Training: Educate users on the risks associated with handling untrusted DICOM files and the importance of following security best practices.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
The vulnerability in MedDream PACS Server poses a significant threat to the healthcare sector in Europe. PACS servers are critical for medical imaging and data management, and a successful exploitation could lead to:
- Data Breaches: Compromise of sensitive patient data, leading to privacy violations and potential legal consequences.
- Service Disruption: Interruption of medical services, affecting patient care and potentially leading to life-threatening situations.
- Regulatory Compliance: Non-compliance with GDPR and other regulatory requirements, resulting in fines and reputational damage.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Vulnerability Details:
- Root Cause: Lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data during DICOM file parsing.
- Exploitation: The vulnerability can be exploited by sending a DICOM file with an oversized data field, causing a stack-based buffer overflow.
- Impact: Allows remote code execution in the context of the service account, leading to full system compromise.
Mitigation Steps:
- Code Review: Conduct a thorough code review to ensure proper input validation and buffer management.
- Memory Protection: Implement memory protection mechanisms such as stack canaries, DEP (Data Execution Prevention), and ASLR (Address Space Layout Randomization).
- Secure Coding Practices: Adopt secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities in future software development.
References:
By addressing this vulnerability promptly and implementing robust security measures, organizations can mitigate the risks associated with EUVD-2025-16100 and enhance their overall cybersecurity posture.