Description
An SQL injection vulnerability exists in the delete function of DuckDBVectorStore in run-llama/llama_index version v0.12.19. This vulnerability allows an attacker to manipulate the ref_doc_id parameter, enabling them to read and write arbitrary files on the server, potentially leading to remote code execution (RCE).
EPSS Score:
0%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-16628
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
The vulnerability described in EUVD-2025-16628 is an SQL injection flaw in the delete function of DuckDBVectorStore within the run-llama/llama_index software, version v0.12.19. This vulnerability allows an attacker to manipulate the ref_doc_id parameter, potentially leading to arbitrary file read/write operations and remote code execution (RCE).
Severity Evaluation:
- CVSS Base Score: 9.8 (Critical)
- CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
The high CVSS score indicates a critical vulnerability due to the following factors:
- Attack Vector (AV): Network (N)
- Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L)
- Privileges Required (PR): None (N)
- User Interaction (UI): None (N)
- Scope (S): Unchanged (U)
- Confidentiality (C): High (H)
- Integrity (I): High (H)
- Availability (A): High (H)
This vulnerability poses a significant risk as it can be exploited remotely without requiring any special privileges or user interaction, and it impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- SQL Injection: An attacker can inject malicious SQL code into the
ref_doc_idparameter to manipulate database queries. - Arbitrary File Operations: By exploiting the SQL injection, an attacker can read and write arbitrary files on the server.
- Remote Code Execution (RCE): The ability to write arbitrary files can lead to executing malicious code on the server.
Exploitation Methods:
- Crafting Malicious Input: An attacker can craft a specially designed input to the
deletefunction that includes SQL injection payloads. - File Manipulation: Using SQL injection, an attacker can manipulate the database to read sensitive files or write malicious files to the server.
- Code Execution: By writing executable files to the server, an attacker can achieve RCE, potentially leading to full system compromise.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Software:
run-llama/llama_indexversionv0.12.19
Affected Systems:
- Any system running the vulnerable version of
run-llama/llama_indexand exposing thedeletefunction to untrusted input.
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Immediate Mitigation:
- Patching: Upgrade to a patched version of
run-llama/llama_indexthat addresses this vulnerability. - Input Validation: Implement strict input validation and sanitization for the
ref_doc_idparameter to prevent SQL injection. - Least Privilege: Ensure that the database user has the minimum necessary privileges to limit the impact of a successful SQL injection attack.
- Network Segmentation: Isolate the affected system from critical networks to minimize the potential impact of an exploit.
Long-Term Mitigation:
- Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits and code reviews to identify and fix similar vulnerabilities.
- Security Training: Provide training for developers on secure coding practices, particularly focusing on SQL injection prevention.
- Monitoring: Implement monitoring and alerting for suspicious database activities and file system changes.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
The vulnerability in run-llama/llama_index poses a significant risk to organizations using this software within the European Union. Given the critical nature of the vulnerability, it could lead to data breaches, unauthorized access, and potential disruption of services. Organizations must prioritize patching and implementing robust security measures to mitigate this risk.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Vulnerability Details:
- Vulnerable Function:
deletefunction inDuckDBVectorStore - Parameter:
ref_doc_id - Exploit: SQL injection leading to arbitrary file read/write and RCE
References:
- Huntr Bounty: Huntr Bounty
- GitHub Commit: GitHub Commit
- NVD Entry: NVD Entry
Additional Information:
- Assigner: @huntr_ai
- ENISA ID Product:
run-llama/llama_index(unspecified <0.3.1) - ENISA ID Vendor:
run-llama
Conclusion: This vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices and regular security audits. Organizations should prioritize patching and implementing robust security measures to protect against such critical vulnerabilities.