Description
billboard.js before 3.15.1 was discovered to contain a prototype pollution via the function generate, which could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via injecting arbitrary properties.
EPSS Score:
0%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-16802
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
The vulnerability identified in billboard.js before version 3.15.1 involves a prototype pollution issue within the generate function. Prototype pollution is a type of vulnerability where an attacker can add or modify properties of JavaScript objects, leading to unintended behavior or code execution. The severity of this vulnerability is rated with a CVSS Base Score of 9.8, which is considered critical.
CVSS Vector Breakdown:
- AV:N (Network Vector): The vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network.
- AC:L (Low Complexity): The attack requires low skill or resources to exploit.
- PR:N (No Privileges Required): No privileges are needed to exploit the vulnerability.
- UI:N (No User Interaction): No user interaction is required for the exploit to succeed.
- S:U (Unchanged): The scope of the vulnerability does not change.
- C:H (High Confidentiality Impact): The vulnerability can lead to a significant breach of confidentiality.
- I:H (High Integrity Impact): The vulnerability can lead to a significant breach of integrity.
- A:H (High Availability Impact): The vulnerability can lead to a significant disruption of service availability.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Remote Code Execution (RCE): An attacker could inject malicious properties into the prototype chain, leading to arbitrary code execution.
- Denial of Service (DoS): By injecting properties that cause the application to crash or become unresponsive, an attacker could disrupt service availability.
Exploitation Methods:
- Malicious Input: An attacker could send specially crafted input to the
generatefunction, which would then pollute the prototype chain. - Supply Chain Attack: If billboard.js is used as a dependency in other applications, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to compromise those applications.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Software:
- billboard.js versions before 3.15.1
Affected Systems:
- Any system or application that uses the vulnerable versions of billboard.js. This includes web applications, data visualization tools, and any other software that relies on billboard.js for charting and graphing functionalities.
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Immediate Actions:
- Upgrade: Upgrade to billboard.js version 3.15.1 or later, which contains the fix for this vulnerability.
- Patch Management: Ensure that all dependencies are regularly updated and patched.
Long-Term Strategies:
- Code Review: Conduct thorough code reviews to identify and mitigate similar vulnerabilities.
- Input Validation: Implement robust input validation and sanitization to prevent malicious input from reaching vulnerable functions.
- Security Training: Educate developers on secure coding practices and the risks associated with prototype pollution.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
The discovery of this vulnerability highlights the importance of maintaining up-to-date software and dependencies. Given the widespread use of JavaScript libraries in web applications, this vulnerability could have significant implications for European organizations, particularly those in sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government, where data integrity and availability are critical.
Regulatory Compliance:
- Organizations must ensure compliance with regulations such as GDPR, which mandates the protection of personal data.
- Adherence to cybersecurity frameworks like NIS Directive and ENISA guidelines is essential to mitigate such risks.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Prototype Pollution:
- Prototype pollution occurs when an attacker can modify the prototype of JavaScript objects, leading to unexpected behavior.
- In the context of billboard.js, the
generatefunction is susceptible to this type of attack, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary properties.
Detection and Monitoring:
- Implement logging and monitoring to detect unusual modifications to object prototypes.
- Use static analysis tools to identify potential prototype pollution vulnerabilities in the codebase.
Incident Response:
- Develop an incident response plan that includes steps for identifying, containing, and remediating prototype pollution attacks.
- Ensure that incident response teams are trained to handle such attacks effectively.
References:
By addressing this vulnerability promptly and implementing robust security measures, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of exploitation and ensure the integrity and availability of their systems.