EUVD-2025-17800

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-17800

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

Vulnerability Description: Erxes versions prior to 1.6.1 are susceptible to an Incorrect Access Control vulnerability. This flaw allows an attacker to bypass authentication mechanisms by providing a "User" HTTP header with any user value, thereby gaining unauthorized access to any GraphQL endpoint.

Severity Evaluation: The vulnerability has a CVSS Base Score of 9.8, which is classified as Critical. The CVSS vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H indicates the following:

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N)
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L)
• Privileges Required (PR): None (N)
• User Interaction (UI): None (N)
• Scope (S): Unchanged (U)
• Confidentiality (C): High (H)
• Integrity (I): High (H)
• Availability (A): High (H)

This high severity score underscores the critical nature of the vulnerability, which can lead to significant impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

• Network-Based Attacks: Given the network attack vector, an attacker can exploit this vulnerability remotely without needing local access.
• HTTP Header Manipulation: The attacker can manipulate the "User" HTTP header to impersonate any user, thereby gaining unauthorized access to GraphQL endpoints.

Exploitation Methods:

• Authentication Bypass: By crafting HTTP requests with a manipulated "User" header, an attacker can bypass authentication and access sensitive data or perform unauthorized actions.
• Data Exfiltration: Once authenticated, the attacker can exfiltrate sensitive information from the GraphQL endpoints.
• Unauthorized Actions: The attacker can perform actions on behalf of any user, leading to potential data manipulation or service disruption.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

Affected Software:

• Erxes versions prior to 1.6.1

Systems:

• Any system running the affected versions of Erxes, particularly those with exposed GraphQL endpoints.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

Immediate Mitigation:

• Upgrade: Upgrade to Erxes version 1.6.1 or later, which includes the fix for this vulnerability.
• Patch Management: Ensure that all systems running Erxes are regularly updated and patched.

Long-Term Mitigation:

• Access Controls: Implement robust access control mechanisms to prevent unauthorized access.
• Monitoring: Deploy monitoring tools to detect and alert on suspicious activities, such as unusual HTTP header manipulations.
• Network Segmentation: Segment networks to limit the exposure of critical systems and reduce the attack surface.
• Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments to identify and mitigate potential vulnerabilities.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

Regulatory Compliance:

• GDPR: Organizations handling personal data must ensure compliance with GDPR, which mandates robust security measures to protect data. This vulnerability could lead to data breaches, resulting in regulatory penalties.
• NIS Directive: Critical infrastructure providers must adhere to the NIS Directive, which requires stringent security measures to protect essential services.

Economic Impact:

• Financial Losses: Data breaches and service disruptions can result in significant financial losses for organizations.
• Reputation Damage: Compromised systems can lead to loss of customer trust and reputational damage.

Operational Impact:

• Service Disruption: Unauthorized actions can disrupt services, leading to operational inefficiencies and potential downtime.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• CVE ID: CVE-2024-57190
• GHSA ID: GHSA-7rhv-xm4q-wh42
• References:
  • NVD Entry
  • GitHub Commit
  • SonarSource Blog

Technical Recommendations:

• Code Review: Conduct a thorough code review to ensure that all authentication mechanisms are properly implemented and that there are no other potential bypasses.
• Input Validation: Implement strict input validation for HTTP headers to prevent manipulation.
• Logging and Monitoring: Enhance logging and monitoring to detect and respond to suspicious activities promptly.
• Incident Response: Develop and test incident response plans to quickly address any security incidents resulting from this vulnerability.

By addressing this vulnerability promptly and implementing robust security measures, organizations can mitigate the risks associated with EUVD-2025-17800 and enhance their overall cybersecurity posture.