Description
An OS command injection vulnerability exists in the OptiLink ONT1GEW GPON router firmware version V2.1.11_X101 Build 1127.190306 and earlier. The router’s web management interface fails to properly sanitize user input in the target_addr parameter of the formTracert and formPing administrative endpoints. An authenticated attacker can inject arbitrary operating system commands, which are executed with root privileges, leading to remote code execution. Successful exploitation enables full compromise of the device.
EPSS Score:
0%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-19206
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
The vulnerability described in EUVD-2025-19206 is an OS command injection flaw in the OptiLink ONT1GEW GPON router firmware version V2.1.11_X101 Build 1127.190306 and earlier. This vulnerability allows an authenticated attacker to inject arbitrary operating system commands through the target_addr parameter in the formTracert and formPing administrative endpoints of the router’s web management interface. The commands are executed with root privileges, leading to remote code execution (RCE).
Severity Evaluation:
- Base Score: 9.4 (Critical)
- Base Score Version: CVSS 4.0
- Base Score Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
The high base score indicates the critical nature of the vulnerability. The attack vector (AV:N) is network-based, and the attack complexity (AC:L) is low, meaning it is relatively easy to exploit. The required privileges (PR:H) are high, indicating that the attacker needs to be authenticated. However, the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:H, VI:H, VA:H) is high, as is the scope change (SC:H), impacting the entire device.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Authenticated Access: An attacker with valid credentials can exploit the vulnerability.
- Network-Based Attack: The attack can be executed remotely over the network.
Exploitation Methods:
- Command Injection: The attacker can inject malicious OS commands into the
target_addrparameter of theformTracertandformPingendpoints. - Remote Code Execution: The injected commands are executed with root privileges, allowing the attacker to perform various actions such as installing malware, exfiltrating data, or disrupting services.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Systems:
- OptiLink ONT1GEW GPON routers
Affected Software Versions:
- Firmware version V2.1.11_X101 Build 1127.190306 and earlier
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Immediate Actions:
- Patch Management: Apply the latest firmware updates provided by OptiLink.
- Access Control: Restrict access to the web management interface to trusted IP addresses.
- Authentication: Enforce strong, unique passwords and consider implementing multi-factor authentication (MFA).
- Monitoring: Implement network monitoring to detect unusual activities or unauthorized access attempts.
Long-Term Strategies:
- Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments.
- User Training: Educate users on the importance of secure password practices and recognizing phishing attempts.
- Network Segmentation: Segment the network to limit the potential impact of a compromised device.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
The vulnerability poses a significant risk to European organizations and individuals using the affected OptiLink routers. Successful exploitation can lead to:
- Data Breaches: Sensitive information can be exfiltrated.
- Service Disruption: Critical services can be disrupted, affecting business operations.
- Malware Distribution: Routers can be used as entry points for spreading malware across networks.
Given the widespread use of GPON routers in both residential and enterprise environments, the impact could be extensive, affecting telecommunications infrastructure, home networks, and business operations.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Vulnerability Details:
- CVE ID: CVE-2025-34049
- Vulnerable Endpoints:
formTracertandformPing - Vulnerable Parameter:
target_addr - Exploitation: Inject OS commands into the
target_addrparameter to achieve RCE.
Detection and Response:
- Log Analysis: Monitor logs for unusual command execution or unauthorized access attempts.
- Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Deploy IDS to detect and alert on suspicious activities.
- Incident Response: Have an incident response plan in place to quickly address and mitigate any detected exploitation attempts.
References:
By addressing this vulnerability promptly and implementing robust security measures, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of exploitation and protect their networks from potential attacks.