EUVD-2025-201876

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-201876

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability in WBCE CMS versions 1.6.4 and below involves the use of PHP's rand() function to generate passwords, which is not cryptographically secure. This weakness allows for the prediction or brute-forcing of passwords, potentially leading to user account compromise or privilege escalation.

Severity Evaluation:

• Base Score: 9.1 (CVSS 3.1)
• Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

The high base score indicates a critical vulnerability due to the ease of exploitation (low complexity) and the significant impact on confidentiality and integrity. The attack vector is network-based, requiring no user interaction or privileges, and the scope is unchanged.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

• Network-Based Attacks: An attacker can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network.
• Brute-Force Attacks: The predictability of passwords generated by rand() makes them susceptible to brute-force attacks.
• Password Prediction: An attacker can predict the sequence of passwords generated, especially if they have knowledge of the seed value or the algorithm used.

Exploitation Methods:

• Account Compromise: By predicting or brute-forcing passwords, an attacker can gain unauthorized access to user accounts.
• Privilege Escalation: If the compromised account has elevated privileges, the attacker can escalate their access within the system.
• Data Theft: Unauthorized access can lead to the theft of sensitive information stored in the CMS.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

Affected Software:

• WBCE CMS versions 1.6.4 and below.

Unaffected Software:

• WBCE CMS version 1.6.5 and above, where the vulnerability has been fixed.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

Immediate Actions:

• Upgrade: Immediately upgrade to WBCE CMS version 1.6.5 or later.
• Password Reset: Force a password reset for all users to ensure that any compromised passwords are invalidated.

Long-Term Strategies:

• Cryptographic Functions: Use cryptographically secure functions for generating passwords, such as random_bytes() or openssl_random_pseudo_bytes().
• Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits to identify and mitigate similar vulnerabilities.
• Monitoring: Implement monitoring to detect unusual login attempts or account activities.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizations using WBCE CMS within the European Union. Given the critical nature of the vulnerability, it could lead to widespread account compromises and data breaches, impacting the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive information. This underscores the importance of adhering to best practices in cryptographic security and regular software updates.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• Function: GenerateRandomPassword()
• Issue: Use of PHP's rand() function, which is not suitable for cryptographic purposes.
• Fix: Replaced with a cryptographically secure function in version 1.6.5.

References:

• GitHub Advisory: GHSA-76gj-pmvx-jcc6
• Commit: 5d59fe021a5c6e469b1bf192b72ca652e54278f6
• CWE: CWE-338: Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG)
• Release: WBCE CMS 1.6.5

Additional Information:

• CVE ID: CVE-2025-67504
• Assigner: GitHub_M
• ENISA ID Product: 91958920-c7e0-3ba2-b918-adbdc76cd28f
• ENISA ID Vendor: 7e0b1bb9-7561-37c2-b672-23f03aea4d8b

Conclusion: This vulnerability highlights the critical importance of using cryptographically secure functions for generating sensitive data such as passwords. Organizations should prioritize upgrading to the patched version and implementing robust security practices to mitigate similar risks in the future.