Description
lunary-ai/lunary versions prior to 1.9.24 are vulnerable to stored cross-site scripting (XSS). An unauthenticated attacker can inject malicious JavaScript into the `v1/runs/ingest` endpoint by adding an empty `citations` field, triggering a code path where `dangerouslySetInnerHTML` is used to render attacker-controlled text. This vulnerability allows the execution of arbitrary JavaScript in the context of the user's browser, potentially leading to session hijacking, data theft, or other malicious actions.
EPSS Score:
0%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-20219
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
The vulnerability identified in EUVD-2025-20219 pertains to a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) issue in the lunary-ai/lunary software versions prior to 1.9.24. This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker to inject malicious JavaScript into the v1/runs/ingest endpoint by exploiting an empty citations field, which triggers a code path where dangerouslySetInnerHTML is used to render attacker-controlled text.
Severity Evaluation:
- Base Score: 9.1 (CVSS:3.0)
- Vector String: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
The high base score indicates a critical vulnerability due to the following factors:
- Attack Vector (AV:N): Network-based attack, meaning the vulnerability can be exploited remotely.
- Attack Complexity (AC:L): Low complexity, indicating that the attack does not require specialized conditions.
- Privileges Required (PR:N): No privileges are required, meaning an unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability.
- User Interaction (UI:N): No user interaction is required, making the attack more straightforward.
- Scope (S:U): Unchanged, meaning the vulnerability does not affect other security scopes.
- Confidentiality (C:H): High impact on confidentiality, as the attacker can steal sensitive data.
- Integrity (I:H): High impact on integrity, as the attacker can modify data.
- Availability (A:N): No impact on availability, as the attack does not disrupt service.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Stored XSS: The primary attack vector is stored XSS, where the malicious script is stored on the server and executed in the context of the user's browser when they access the affected endpoint.
Exploitation Methods:
- Injection of Malicious JavaScript: An attacker can inject malicious JavaScript by sending a request to the
v1/runs/ingestendpoint with an emptycitationsfield. This triggers the use ofdangerouslySetInnerHTML, allowing the attacker to control the rendered content. - Session Hijacking: The attacker can steal session cookies or tokens, allowing them to impersonate the user.
- Data Theft: The attacker can exfiltrate sensitive data from the user's browser, such as personal information or authentication credentials.
- Phishing: The attacker can manipulate the content displayed to the user, leading to phishing attacks.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Systems:
- All systems running
lunary-ai/lunaryversions prior to 1.9.24.
Software Versions:
lunary-ai/lunaryversions unspecified <1.9.24.
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Immediate Mitigation:
- Upgrade Software: Upgrade to
lunary-ai/lunaryversion 1.9.24 or later, which includes the fix for this vulnerability. - Input Validation: Implement strict input validation to prevent the injection of malicious scripts.
- Content Security Policy (CSP): Use CSP headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts.
- Sanitization: Sanitize user inputs to ensure that any potentially dangerous content is neutralized.
Long-Term Mitigation:
- Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and code reviews to identify and mitigate similar vulnerabilities.
- Security Training: Provide security training for developers to ensure they are aware of common vulnerabilities and best practices for secure coding.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
The vulnerability in lunary-ai/lunary poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals using the affected software within the European Union. Given the high severity and the potential for data theft and session hijacking, this vulnerability could lead to:
- Data Breaches: Compromise of sensitive personal and organizational data.
- Financial Losses: Potential financial losses due to fraud or theft.
- Reputation Damage: Loss of trust and reputation for organizations affected by the vulnerability.
- Regulatory Compliance: Potential non-compliance with GDPR and other regulatory requirements, leading to legal consequences.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Vulnerability Details:
- Endpoint:
v1/runs/ingest - Field:
citations - Code Path: Use of
dangerouslySetInnerHTMLto render attacker-controlled text.
Exploitation Steps:
- Craft Malicious Payload: Create a payload with an empty
citationsfield and inject malicious JavaScript. - Send Request: Send the crafted payload to the
v1/runs/ingestendpoint. - Trigger Execution: The malicious script is stored and executed when a user accesses the affected endpoint.
Detection and Monitoring:
- Log Analysis: Monitor logs for unusual activity or requests to the
v1/runs/ingestendpoint. - Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Implement IDS to detect and alert on suspicious network traffic.
- Web Application Firewalls (WAF): Use WAF to block malicious requests and protect against XSS attacks.
References:
By addressing this vulnerability promptly and implementing robust security measures, organizations can mitigate the risks associated with EUVD-2025-20219 and enhance their overall cybersecurity posture.