EUVD-2025-202335

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-202335

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability described in EUVD-2025-202335 pertains to a Command Injection flaw in the Cybersecurity AI (CAI) framework, specifically affecting versions 0.5.9 and below. The run_ssh_command_with_credentials() function, which is accessible to AI agents, fails to properly sanitize the username, host, and port inputs, making them susceptible to injection attacks.

Severity Evaluation:

• Base Score: 9.7 (CVSS:3.1)
• Vector String: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

The high base score indicates a critical vulnerability due to the following factors:

• Attack Vector (AV:N): Network-based attack, meaning it can be exploited remotely.
• Attack Complexity (AC:L): Low complexity, suggesting that the attack does not require specialized conditions.
• Privileges Required (PR:N): No privileges are required to exploit the vulnerability.
• User Interaction (UI:R): Requires user interaction, which slightly mitigates the risk.
• Scope (S:C): Change in scope, indicating that the vulnerability can affect components beyond the initial security scope.
• Confidentiality (C:H), Integrity (I:H), and Availability (A:H): High impact on all three CIA triad components.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

• Remote Command Injection: An attacker can inject malicious commands through the username, host, or port parameters, leading to arbitrary command execution on the target system.
• SSH Command Manipulation: By manipulating the SSH command inputs, an attacker can gain unauthorized access or execute commands with elevated privileges.

Exploitation Methods:

• Crafted Inputs: An attacker can craft specific inputs to the run_ssh_command_with_credentials() function to inject commands.
• Automated Scripts: Automated scripts can be used to exploit the vulnerability, especially in environments where AI agents frequently interact with the CAI framework.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

Affected Systems:

• Systems running the Cybersecurity AI (CAI) framework versions 0.5.9 and below.
• Environments where AI agents have access to the run_ssh_command_with_credentials() function.

Software Versions:

• CAI versions ≤ 0.5.9

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

Immediate Mitigation:

• Input Sanitization: Ensure that all inputs to the run_ssh_command_with_credentials() function are properly sanitized and validated.
• Access Control: Restrict access to the run_ssh_command_with_credentials() function to trusted AI agents only.
• Monitoring: Implement monitoring and logging to detect and respond to any suspicious activities related to SSH command execution.

Long-Term Mitigation:

• Update Software: Upgrade to a patched version of the CAI framework once available.
• Code Review: Conduct a thorough code review to identify and fix similar vulnerabilities in other parts of the framework.
• Security Training: Provide training to developers and administrators on secure coding practices and input validation techniques.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals using the CAI framework within the European Union. Given the framework's open-source nature and its use in both offensive and defensive automation, the impact could be widespread:

• Data Breaches: Unauthorized command execution can lead to data breaches and loss of sensitive information.
• System Compromise: Attackers can gain control over systems, leading to further exploitation and potential disruption of services.
• Compliance Issues: Organizations may face compliance issues with regulations such as GDPR if sensitive data is compromised.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• Function: run_ssh_command_with_credentials()
• Inputs: Username, host, port, password, and command
• Sanitization: Only password and command inputs are escaped; username, host, and port are injectable.

Exploitation Example:

# Example of a vulnerable function call
run_ssh_command_with_credentials(username="admin; rm -rf /", host="example.com", port="22", password="securepassword", command="ls")

Mitigation Code Example:

import re

def sanitize_input(input_string):
    # Example sanitization function
    return re.sub(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9]', '', input_string)

def run_ssh_command_with_credentials(username, host, port, password, command):
    # Sanitize inputs
    username = sanitize_input(username)
    host = sanitize_input(host)
    port = sanitize_input(port)
    password = sanitize_input(password)
    command = sanitize_input(command)

    # Proceed with the SSH command execution
    # ...

References:

• GitHub Security Advisory
• GitHub Commit
• CAI GitHub Repository

Aliases:

• CVE-2025-67511
• GHSA-4c65-9gqf-4w8h

Assigner:

• GitHub_M

ENISA IDs:

• Product: 3870bae8-d324-3f04-8ae1-b04990a53939
• Vendor: 009eabd9-de61-395e-b8ab-f06b42fd376c

By addressing this vulnerability promptly and effectively, organizations can mitigate the risks associated with command injection and ensure the security of their AI-powered automation frameworks.