EUVD-2025-204681

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-204681

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability identified in Tenda WH450 1.0.0.18 involves a stack-based buffer overflow in the HTTP Request Handler component, specifically within the file /goform/CheckTools. This vulnerability is triggered by manipulating the ipaddress argument, which can be exploited remotely. The CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) base score of 9.3 indicates a critical severity level. The vector string CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P breaks down as follows:

• AV:N - Attack Vector: Network
• AC:L - Attack Complexity: Low
• AT:N - Attack Technique: Network
• PR:N - Privileges Required: None
• UI:N - User Interaction: None
• VC:H - Vulnerability Consequence: High
• VI:H - Vulnerability Impact: High
• VA:H - Vulnerability Availability: High
• SC:N - Scope Change: None
• SI:N - Scope Impact: None
• SA:N - Scope Availability: None
• E:P - Exploit Code Maturity: Proof-of-Concept

The high scores in vulnerability consequence, impact, and availability, combined with the low attack complexity and the availability of a proof-of-concept exploit, underscore the critical nature of this vulnerability.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

The primary attack vector is remote exploitation via network access. An attacker can manipulate the ipaddress argument in HTTP requests to the /goform/CheckTools endpoint, causing a stack-based buffer overflow. This can lead to arbitrary code execution, denial of service, or other malicious activities. The exploit is publicly available, increasing the risk of widespread attacks.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

The vulnerability specifically affects Tenda WH450 devices running firmware version 1.0.0.18. It is crucial to identify and update all instances of this device within the network to mitigate the risk.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

1. Firmware Update: Immediately update the firmware of all affected Tenda WH450 devices to a version that addresses this vulnerability.
2. Network Segmentation: Isolate affected devices from critical network segments to limit potential damage.
3. Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems (IDS/IPS): Deploy IDS/IPS to monitor and block suspicious traffic targeting the /goform/CheckTools endpoint.
4. Firewall Rules: Implement strict firewall rules to restrict access to the vulnerable endpoint.
5. Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments to identify and mitigate similar issues proactively.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The vulnerability poses a significant risk to European organizations and individuals using the affected Tenda WH450 devices. Given the widespread use of such devices in both residential and commercial settings, the potential for large-scale exploitation is high. This underscores the need for robust cybersecurity measures and timely updates from vendors to protect against such threats.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

• Vulnerability Type: Stack-based buffer overflow
• Affected Component: HTTP Request Handler
• Affected File: /goform/CheckTools
• Trigger: Manipulation of the ipaddress argument
• Exploit Availability: Publicly available proof-of-concept
• References:
  • VulDB Entry
  • CTI Entry
  • Submission Details
  • GitHub PoC
  • Reproduction Steps
  • Tenda Official Website
  • NVD Entry

Conclusion

The vulnerability in Tenda WH450 1.0.0.18 is critical and requires immediate attention. Organizations should prioritize updating affected devices and implementing robust security measures to mitigate the risk of exploitation. The availability of a public exploit increases the urgency for proactive mitigation strategies. Continuous monitoring and regular updates are essential to maintain a secure cybersecurity posture.