EUVD-2025-20760

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-20760

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability EUVD-2025-20760, classified as critical, affects the D-Link DIR-825 router, specifically version 2.10. The issue resides in the sub_410DDC function of the switch_language.cgi file within the httpd component. This vulnerability allows for a stack-based buffer overflow through the manipulation of the Language argument. The severity is underscored by a CVSS base score of 9.3, indicating a high risk.

CVSS Vector Breakdown:

• AV:N (Network Vector): The vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network.
• AC:L (Low Complexity): The attack requires low skill or resources to exploit.
• AT:N (No Authentication): No authentication is required to exploit the vulnerability.
• PR:N (No Privileges Required): No special privileges are needed.
• UI:N (No User Interaction): No user interaction is required.
• VC:H (High Confidentiality Impact): The vulnerability can lead to significant confidentiality breaches.
• VI:H (High Integrity Impact): The vulnerability can lead to significant integrity breaches.
• VA:H (High Availability Impact): The vulnerability can lead to significant availability breaches.
• SC:N (No Scope Change): The vulnerability does not change the security scope.
• SI:N (No Scope Change): The vulnerability does not change the security scope.
• SA:N (No Scope Change): The vulnerability does not change the security scope.
• E:P (Proof of Concept Exists): A proof-of-concept exploit is available.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

The primary attack vector is remote exploitation via the network. An attacker can send a specially crafted HTTP request to the switch_language.cgi endpoint, manipulating the Language argument to trigger a stack-based buffer overflow. This can lead to arbitrary code execution, allowing the attacker to gain control over the device.

Exploitation Methods:

• Remote Code Execution (RCE): By exploiting the buffer overflow, an attacker can execute arbitrary code on the device.
• Denial of Service (DoS): The attacker can crash the device, leading to a denial of service.
• Data Exfiltration: The attacker can potentially exfiltrate sensitive data stored on the device.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

The vulnerability specifically affects the D-Link DIR-825 router running firmware version 2.10. It is important to note that this version is no longer supported by the manufacturer, which means no official patches will be released.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

Given that the affected firmware version is no longer supported, the following mitigation strategies are recommended:

• Upgrade to Supported Firmware: If possible, upgrade to a supported firmware version that includes security patches.
• Network Segmentation: Isolate the affected device on a separate network segment to limit potential damage.
• Firewall Rules: Implement strict firewall rules to restrict access to the device from untrusted networks.
• Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Deploy IDS to monitor for suspicious activity targeting the switch_language.cgi endpoint.
• Regular Monitoring: Conduct regular security audits and monitoring to detect any unusual activity.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The vulnerability poses a significant risk to European organizations and individuals using the affected D-Link DIR-825 routers. Given the widespread use of such devices in both home and small business environments, the potential for large-scale exploitation is high. This underscores the importance of timely patch management and the need for manufacturers to provide extended support for critical security updates.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• Function Affected: sub_410DDC
• File Affected: switch_language.cgi
• Component Affected: httpd
• Argument Manipulated: Language

Exploit Characteristics:

• Remote Exploitation: The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication.
• Public Disclosure: The exploit has been disclosed to the public, increasing the risk of widespread attacks.

References:

• VulDB Entry
• CTIID Entry
• Submission Entry
• GitHub Issue
• D-Link Official Website

Aliases:

• CVE-2025-7206

Assigner:

• VulDB

ENISA IDs:

• Product: 74f36ce0-0d0a-3aa2-84d9-629ddb0fc5b9 (DIR-825, version 2.10)
• Vendor: d015c494-1fa7-35a0-9527-509bf84ce13c (D-Link)

In conclusion, the vulnerability EUVD-2025-20760 represents a critical risk to users of the D-Link DIR-825 router running firmware version 2.10. Immediate mitigation strategies are essential to protect against potential exploitation, especially given the lack of manufacturer support for this version.