EUVD-2025-22977

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-22977

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability EUVD-2025-22977 affects the z-push/z-push-dev package versions before 2.7.6. It is classified as a SQL Injection vulnerability due to the use of unparameterized queries in the IMAP backend. The severity of this vulnerability is rated with a CVSS Base Score of 9.1, indicating a critical risk. The CVSS vector CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:P highlights the following key aspects:

• Attack Vector (AV:N): Network-based attack.
• Attack Complexity (AC:L): Low complexity required for exploitation.
• Privileges Required (PR:N): No privileges are required.
• User Interaction (UI:N): No user interaction is needed.
• Impact Metrics: High impact on integrity (VI:H), availability (VA:N), and confidentiality (SC:H), with significant impact on system integrity (SI:H) and availability (SA:H).

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

The primary attack vector involves manipulating the username field during basic authentication to inject malicious SQL commands. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by:

• Injecting SQL Commands: Crafting SQL commands that can be executed by the database, allowing unauthorized access, modification, or deletion of data.
• Exfiltrating Data: Using SQL commands to extract sensitive information from the database.
• Disrupting Services: Executing commands that can alter the database schema or delete critical data, leading to service disruptions.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

The vulnerability affects:

• Software: z-push/z-push-dev
• Versions: All versions before 2.7.6
• Configuration: Installations utilizing the IMAP backend with the IMAP_FROM_SQL_QUERY option configured.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

To mitigate this vulnerability, the following steps are recommended:

• Update Software: Upgrade to z-push/z-push-dev version 2.7.6 or later, which includes the necessary security patches.
• Configuration Changes: Modify the configuration in backend/imap/config.php to use the default or LDAP backend instead of the vulnerable SQL query option.

  define('IMAP_DEFAULTFROM', '');
  

  or

  define('IMAP_DEFAULTFROM', 'ldap');
  

• Parameterized Queries: Ensure that all SQL queries are parameterized to prevent SQL injection attacks.
• Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits and code reviews to identify and fix similar vulnerabilities.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizations within the European Union that rely on the z-push/z-push-dev package for their email synchronization needs. Given the critical nature of the vulnerability, it could lead to:

• Data Breaches: Unauthorized access to sensitive information.
• Service Disruptions: Potential downtime and loss of service availability.
• Compliance Issues: Violation of data protection regulations such as GDPR, leading to legal and financial repercussions.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• Location: The vulnerability is located in the user_identity.php file within the IMAP backend.
• Code Reference: The specific lines of code affected are from L211C9 to L214C25.
• Exploit Mechanism: The attacker can inject SQL commands by manipulating the username field during basic authentication.

References:

• Snyk Security Advisory
• Xbow Blog Post
• GitHub Pull Request
• GitHub Commit
• Source Code Reference

Aliases:

• CVE-2025-8264

Assigner:

• Snyk

ENISA IDs:

• Product: z-push/z-push-dev, versions 0 < 2.7.6
• Vendor: n/a

By addressing this vulnerability promptly, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of SQL injection attacks and ensure the security and integrity of their email synchronization services.