EUVD-2025-25900

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-25900

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability EUVD-2025-25900 pertains to Freeform, a plugin for CraftCMS, versions 5.0.0 to 5.10.15. This vulnerability is classified as a Server-side Template Injection (SSTI), which allows arbitrary code injection for users with access to editing a form submission title. The CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) base score of 9.8 indicates a critical severity level. The CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H breaks down as follows:

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N) - The vulnerability is exploitable over the network.
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L) - The attack requires minimal skill or resources.
• Privileges Required (PR): None (N) - No special privileges are required to exploit the vulnerability.
• User Interaction (UI): None (N) - No user interaction is required for the attack to succeed.
• Scope (S): Unchanged (U) - The vulnerability does not change the security scope.
• Confidentiality (C): High (H) - The vulnerability results in a high impact on confidentiality.
• Integrity (I): High (H) - The vulnerability results in a high impact on integrity.
• Availability (A): High (H) - The vulnerability results in a high impact on availability.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

The primary attack vector for this SSTI vulnerability is through the form submission title field in the Freeform plugin. An attacker with access to this field can inject malicious code, which is then executed on the server side. Potential exploitation methods include:

• Code Injection: Injecting malicious code to execute arbitrary commands on the server.
• Data Exfiltration: Extracting sensitive information from the server.
• Denial of Service (DoS): Overloading the server with malicious requests to disrupt service availability.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

The vulnerability affects Freeform plugin versions 5.0.0 to 5.10.15 for CraftCMS. Any system running these versions of the plugin is at risk. It is crucial to identify and update all instances of the Freeform plugin to version 5.10.16 or later to mitigate the risk.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

To mitigate the risk associated with this vulnerability, the following strategies are recommended:

• Immediate Patching: Upgrade the Freeform plugin to version 5.10.16 or later.
• Access Control: Restrict access to the form submission title field to trusted users only.
• Input Validation: Implement robust input validation and sanitization mechanisms to prevent code injection.
• Monitoring and Logging: Enhance monitoring and logging to detect and respond to any suspicious activities related to form submissions.
• Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments to identify and address potential security issues.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The impact of this vulnerability on the European cybersecurity landscape is significant due to the widespread use of CraftCMS and the Freeform plugin. Organizations relying on these tools for content management and form handling are at risk of data breaches, unauthorized access, and service disruptions. The high CVSS score underscores the critical nature of the vulnerability, necessitating immediate attention from cybersecurity professionals and organizations across Europe.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

For security professionals, the following technical details are pertinent:

• Vulnerability Identification: The vulnerability is identified by EUVD ID EUVD-2025-25900 and CVE ID CVE-2025-52122.
• References: Additional information and technical details can be found at:
  • GitHub Repository for CVE-CraftCMS-Freeform
  • GitHub Repository for CVE-2025-52122
• Assigner: The vulnerability was assigned by Mitre.
• EPSS: Not available.
• ENISA ID: Product and vendor information is not available.

Security professionals should prioritize the identification and remediation of this vulnerability in their environments. Regular updates and adherence to best practices in input validation and access control are essential to maintaining a robust security posture.

Conclusion

The SSTI vulnerability in the Freeform plugin for CraftCMS poses a critical risk to organizations using these tools. Immediate patching, stringent access controls, and enhanced monitoring are essential to mitigate the risk. The European cybersecurity landscape must remain vigilant and proactive in addressing such vulnerabilities to safeguard against potential cyber threats.