EUVD-2025-27152

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-27152

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

Vulnerability Description: The EUVD entry EUVD-2025-27152 describes a command injection vulnerability in the emptyFolder function within the lib/utils.js file of codeceptjs version 3.7.3. The vulnerability arises from the direct concatenation of the user-controlled directoryPath parameter into the execSync command without proper sanitization or escaping. This allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the system.

Severity Evaluation: The vulnerability has a CVSS Base Score of 9.8, which is considered critical. The CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H indicates the following:

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N)
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L)
• Privileges Required (PR): None (N)
• User Interaction (UI): None (N)
• Scope (S): Unchanged (U)
• Confidentiality (C): High (H)
• Integrity (I): High (H)
• Availability (A): High (H)

This high severity score underscores the critical nature of the vulnerability, which can lead to complete system compromise.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

• Remote Exploitation: An attacker can exploit this vulnerability over the network by sending a crafted directoryPath parameter to the emptyFolder function.
• Local Exploitation: If an attacker has local access, they can manipulate the directoryPath parameter to execute arbitrary commands.

Exploitation Methods:

• Command Injection: By injecting malicious commands into the directoryPath parameter, an attacker can execute arbitrary system commands. For example, an attacker could inject a command like ; rm -rf / to delete all files on the system.
• Privilege Escalation: If the application runs with elevated privileges, an attacker could use this vulnerability to gain higher-level access to the system.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

Affected Software:

• codeceptjs version 3.7.3

Affected Systems:

• Any system running codeceptjs version 3.7.3, including development, staging, and production environments.
• Systems where codeceptjs is used for automated testing and continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) pipelines.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

Immediate Mitigation:

• Patching: Upgrade to a patched version of codeceptjs that addresses this vulnerability.
• Input Validation: Implement strict input validation and sanitization for the directoryPath parameter to prevent command injection.
• Least Privilege: Ensure that the application runs with the least privileges necessary to minimize the impact of a successful exploit.

Long-Term Mitigation:

• Code Review: Conduct thorough code reviews to identify and mitigate similar vulnerabilities.
• Security Training: Provide security training for developers to understand the risks associated with command injection and other common vulnerabilities.
• Regular Updates: Keep all software dependencies up to date with the latest security patches.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

Regulatory Compliance:

• Organizations must comply with regulations such as GDPR, which mandates the protection of personal data. A command injection vulnerability could lead to data breaches, resulting in regulatory fines and legal consequences.

Critical Infrastructure:

• Critical infrastructure sectors, such as healthcare, finance, and energy, must prioritize patching this vulnerability to prevent potential disruptions and data breaches.

Public Trust:

• The exploitation of this vulnerability could erode public trust in digital services, particularly in sectors where data integrity and confidentiality are paramount.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• Function: emptyFolder in lib/utils.js
• Parameter: directoryPath
• Command: execSync

Exploit Example:

const { execSync } = require('child_process');
const directoryPath = '; rm -rf /'; // Malicious input
execSync(`rm -rf ${directoryPath}`);

Mitigation Code Example:

const { execSync } = require('child_process');
const directoryPath = 'safe/directory/path'; // Sanitized input
execSync(`rm -rf ${directoryPath}`);

Detection:

• Log Analysis: Monitor logs for unusual command executions and patterns indicative of command injection.
• Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Deploy IDS to detect and alert on suspicious activities related to command injection.

Response:

• Incident Response Plan: Develop and implement an incident response plan to quickly identify, contain, and remediate any exploitation of this vulnerability.
• Forensic Analysis: Conduct forensic analysis to understand the scope and impact of any successful exploitation.

By addressing this vulnerability promptly and comprehensively, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of command injection attacks and maintain the integrity and security of their systems.