EUVD-2025-35061

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-35061

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability described in EUVD-2025-35061 pertains to the NetBird VPN software, which fails to remove the default password of an admin account. This oversight can lead to unauthorized access to administrative functions, posing a significant security risk. The CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) base score of 9.3 indicates a critical severity level. The scoring vector CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N breaks down as follows:

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N) - The vulnerability is exploitable over the network.
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L) - The attack requires minimal skill or resources.
• Authentication (AT): None (N) - No authentication is required to exploit the vulnerability.
• Privileges Required (PR): None (N) - No privileges are needed to exploit the vulnerability.
• User Interaction (UI): None (N) - No user interaction is required.
• Confidentiality (VC): High (H) - Complete loss of confidentiality.
• Integrity (VI): High (H) - Complete loss of integrity.
• Availability (VA): High (H) - Complete loss of availability.
• Scope (SC): Not Changed (N) - The vulnerability does not change the security scope.
• Scope Integrity (SI): Not Changed (N) - The integrity scope is not affected.
• Scope Availability (SA): Not Changed (N) - The availability scope is not affected.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Given the default password is not removed, an attacker can exploit this vulnerability through the following methods:

• Brute Force Attacks: Attackers can use automated tools to attempt common default passwords.
• Credential Stuffing: Using known default credentials to gain access.
• Network Scanning: Identifying vulnerable NetBird VPN instances on the network and attempting to log in with default credentials.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

The vulnerability affects NetBird VPN versions prior to 0.57.0. Organizations using these versions are at risk and should prioritize updating to the latest version.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

To mitigate this vulnerability, the following steps are recommended:

• Immediate Patching: Upgrade to NetBird VPN version 0.57.0 or later, which addresses this issue.
• Password Management: Ensure that all default passwords are changed to strong, unique passwords.
• Network Segmentation: Implement network segmentation to limit the exposure of VPN endpoints.
• Monitoring and Logging: Enable logging and monitoring to detect any unauthorized access attempts.
• Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The presence of such a critical vulnerability in a widely used VPN solution like NetBird can have significant implications for European cybersecurity. Organizations relying on NetBird VPN for secure communications could be at risk of data breaches, unauthorized access, and potential compliance violations under regulations such as GDPR. This underscores the importance of timely patch management and robust security practices.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

• Vulnerability Identification: The vulnerability is identified by CVE-2025-10678 and EUVD-2025-35061.
• References:
  • CERT-PL Advisory
  • NetBird Official Website
  • NVD Detail
  • GitHub Commit
• Assigner: CERT-PL
• ENISA IDs:
  • Product: 703ae6f1-f7cf-3087-8f21-8524abd77030 (NetBird VPN versions 0 <0.57.0)
  • Vendor: fb44b229-f3bd-360d-b809-2c323a4080e1 (NetBird VPN)

Conclusion

The vulnerability in NetBird VPN, as described in EUVD-2025-35061, is critical and requires immediate attention. Organizations should prioritize updating their VPN software and implementing robust security measures to mitigate the risk. The European cybersecurity landscape demands vigilance and proactive management to safeguard against such vulnerabilities.