EUVD-2025-37802

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-37802

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability described in EUVD-2025-37802 pertains to the AI Engine plugin for WordPress. Specifically, it involves a Sensitive Information Exposure issue where the 'Bearer Token' is exposed via the /mcp/v1/ REST API endpoint when the 'No-Auth URL' feature is enabled. This exposure allows unauthenticated attackers to extract the bearer token, which can then be used to gain access to a valid session and perform various actions, including creating a new administrator account, leading to privilege escalation.

Severity Evaluation:

• CVSS Base Score: 9.8
• CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The high CVSS score of 9.8 indicates a critical vulnerability. The vector string highlights that the attack can be executed remotely (AV:N), requires low complexity (AC:L), does not need any privileges (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N), and has a high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H).

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

Attack Vectors:

1. Unauthenticated Access: An attacker can exploit the vulnerability by accessing the /mcp/v1/ endpoint without authentication when 'No-Auth URL' is enabled.
2. Bearer Token Extraction: The attacker can extract the bearer token from the exposed endpoint.
3. Session Hijacking: Using the extracted bearer token, the attacker can hijack a valid session.
4. Privilege Escalation: With a valid session, the attacker can perform actions such as creating a new administrator account, leading to full control over the WordPress site.

Exploitation Methods:

• Automated Scanning: Attackers can use automated tools to scan for WordPress sites using the AI Engine plugin and check if the 'No-Auth URL' feature is enabled.
• Manual Exploitation: Once a vulnerable site is identified, the attacker can manually access the /mcp/v1/ endpoint to extract the bearer token and proceed with session hijacking and privilege escalation.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

Affected Systems:

• WordPress sites using the AI Engine plugin.

Affected Software Versions:

• AI Engine plugin versions up to and including 3.1.3.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

1. Immediate Patching: Upgrade the AI Engine plugin to a version higher than 3.1.3, where the vulnerability has been addressed.
2. Disable 'No-Auth URL': Ensure that the 'No-Auth URL' feature is disabled to prevent unauthenticated access to the /mcp/v1/ endpoint.
3. Monitoring and Logging: Implement robust monitoring and logging to detect any unauthorized access attempts to the /mcp/v1/ endpoint.
4. Access Controls: Enforce strict access controls and authentication mechanisms for all API endpoints.
5. Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments to identify and mitigate similar issues.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The vulnerability poses a significant risk to the European cybersecurity landscape, particularly for organizations and individuals using WordPress with the AI Engine plugin. The potential for unauthenticated attackers to gain full control over affected sites can lead to data breaches, unauthorized access, and further exploitation. This underscores the importance of timely patching and adherence to best security practices to protect against such vulnerabilities.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• Endpoint: /mcp/v1/
• Exposed Data: Bearer Token
• Condition: 'No-Auth URL' enabled

Exploitation Steps:

1. Identify a WordPress site using the AI Engine plugin.
2. Check if the 'No-Auth URL' feature is enabled.
3. Access the /mcp/v1/ endpoint to extract the bearer token.
4. Use the bearer token to hijack a valid session.
5. Perform actions such as creating a new administrator account to escalate privileges.

References:

• NVD Entry
• WordPress Plugin Source Code
• WordPress Plugin Changeset
• Wordfence Threat Intelligence

Aliases:

• CVE-2025-11749
• GHSA-q6x7-qqgq-h832

Assigner:

• Wordfence

ENISA IDs:

• Product: AI Engine (versions ≤3.1.3)
• Vendor: tigroumeow

This comprehensive analysis highlights the critical nature of the vulnerability and the urgent need for mitigation to protect against potential exploitation.