EUVD-2025-4499

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-4499

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability identified in EUVD-2025-4499 pertains to a buffer overflow in the formwrlSSIDset function of Tenda i12 V1.0.0.10(3805). This vulnerability is critical, with a CVSS Base Score of 9.8, indicating a high level of severity. The CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H breaks down as follows:

• Attack Vector (AV:N): Network, meaning the vulnerability can be exploited remotely.
• Attack Complexity (AC:L): Low, indicating that the attack is relatively straightforward to execute.
• Privileges Required (PR:N): None, meaning no special privileges are needed to exploit the vulnerability.
• User Interaction (UI:N): None, meaning no user interaction is required for the attack to succeed.
• Scope (S:U): Unchanged, meaning the vulnerability does not affect other security scopes.
• Confidentiality (C:H): High, indicating a significant impact on data confidentiality.
• Integrity (I:H): High, indicating a significant impact on data integrity.
• Availability (A:H): High, indicating a significant impact on system availability.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

The buffer overflow in the formwrlSSIDset function can be exploited by sending a specially crafted request to the device. Potential attack vectors include:

• Remote Code Execution (RCE): An attacker could send a malicious payload that overflows the buffer, leading to arbitrary code execution.
• Denial of Service (DoS): An attacker could crash the device by sending a payload that causes the buffer to overflow, rendering the device unavailable.
• Data Exfiltration: An attacker could potentially extract sensitive information from the device's memory by exploiting the buffer overflow.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

The vulnerability specifically affects Tenda i12 devices running firmware version V1.0.0.10(3805). Other versions of the firmware may also be affected, but this has not been confirmed. It is crucial for users to verify their firmware version and apply any available patches.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

To mitigate the risk associated with this vulnerability, the following strategies are recommended:

• Firmware Update: Immediately apply any available firmware updates provided by Tenda.
• Network Segmentation: Isolate IoT devices like the Tenda i12 from critical networks to limit the potential impact of an attack.
• Firewall Rules: Implement strict firewall rules to restrict access to the device from untrusted networks.
• Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Deploy IDS to monitor for suspicious activity that may indicate an exploitation attempt.
• Regular Audits: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments to identify and address potential security issues.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The vulnerability in Tenda i12 devices poses a significant risk to European cybersecurity, particularly in environments where these devices are widely deployed. The potential for remote code execution and data exfiltration could lead to widespread breaches, affecting both individual users and organizations. The high CVSS score underscores the urgency for immediate action to mitigate the risk.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

For security professionals, the following technical details are pertinent:

• Vulnerable Function: The formwrlSSIDset function is vulnerable to a buffer overflow due to improper handling of the list parameter.
• Exploitation: The vulnerability can be triggered by sending a specially crafted HTTP request to the device. The request should include a payload that exceeds the buffer size allocated for the list parameter.
• Detection: Security professionals can detect exploitation attempts by monitoring network traffic for anomalous HTTP requests targeting the formwrlSSIDset function.
• Patching: Ensure that all Tenda i12 devices are updated to the latest firmware version that addresses this vulnerability.
• References: For further technical details, refer to the provided references:
  • NVD Entry
  • GitHub Repository

Conclusion

The buffer overflow vulnerability in Tenda i12 V1.0.0.10(3805) is a critical issue that requires immediate attention. By understanding the potential attack vectors, affected systems, and recommended mitigation strategies, cybersecurity professionals can effectively address this vulnerability and protect their networks from potential exploitation.