Description
The application deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently verifying that the resulting data will be valid. (CWE-502) Hitachi Vantara Pentaho Business Analytics Server versions before 10.2.0.0 and 9.3.0.9, including 8.3.x, deserialize untrusted JSON data without constraining the parser to approved classes and methods. When developers place no restrictions on "gadget chains," or series of instances and method invocations that can self-execute during the deserialization process (i.e., before the object is returned to the caller), it is sometimes possible for attackers to leverage them to perform unauthorized actions.
EPSS Score:
0%
Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-4597
1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation
Vulnerability Description: The vulnerability EUVD-2025-4597 pertains to the deserialization of untrusted JSON data in Hitachi Vantara Pentaho Business Analytics Server versions before 10.2.0.0 and 9.3.0.9, including 8.3.x. This issue arises due to insufficient verification of the resulting data, leading to potential exploitation through "gadget chains" during the deserialization process.
Severity Evaluation: The vulnerability has a base score of 9.9 according to CVSS v3.1, indicating a critical severity level. The scoring vector is:
- AV:N (Attack Vector: Network)
- AC:L (Attack Complexity: Low)
- PR:L (Privileges Required: Low)
- UI:N (User Interaction: None)
- S:C (Scope: Changed)
- C:H (Confidentiality: High)
- I:H (Integrity: High)
- A:H (Availability: High)
This high score underscores the potential for significant impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected systems.
2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods
Attack Vectors:
- Network-Based Attacks: Attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network without requiring user interaction.
- Untrusted Data Deserialization: By sending crafted JSON data, attackers can trigger the deserialization process to execute unauthorized actions.
Exploitation Methods:
- Gadget Chains: Attackers can leverage "gadget chains" to perform actions such as remote code execution, data exfiltration, or denial of service.
- Payload Injection: Malicious JSON payloads can be injected to manipulate the deserialization process, leading to unauthorized operations.
3. Affected Systems and Software Versions
Affected Software:
- Hitachi Vantara Pentaho Business Analytics Server versions before 10.2.0.0 and 9.3.0.9, including 8.3.x.
Affected Products:
- Pentaho Business Analytics Server (versions 1.0 < 9.3.0.9)
- Pentaho Data Integration & Analytics (versions 10.0 < 10.2.0.0)
4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Immediate Mitigation:
- Patching: Upgrade to the latest versions of Pentaho Business Analytics Server (10.2.0.0 or 9.3.0.9 and above).
- Input Validation: Implement strict input validation and sanitization for all JSON data.
- Deserialization Controls: Constrain the deserialization process to approved classes and methods.
Long-Term Mitigation:
- Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and code reviews to identify and mitigate similar vulnerabilities.
- Training: Provide training for developers on secure coding practices, particularly around deserialization.
- Monitoring: Implement monitoring and logging to detect and respond to suspicious deserialization activities.
5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape
Regulatory Compliance:
- GDPR: This vulnerability could lead to data breaches, impacting GDPR compliance and resulting in potential fines and legal actions.
- NIS Directive: Organizations in critical sectors must ensure robust cybersecurity measures, and this vulnerability could affect compliance with the NIS Directive.
Economic Impact:
- Business Disruption: Exploitation could lead to significant business disruptions, financial losses, and reputational damage.
- Supply Chain Risks: Organizations relying on Pentaho Business Analytics Server in their supply chain may face cascading risks.
6. Technical Details for Security Professionals
Technical Overview:
- CWE-502: The vulnerability is classified under CWE-502, which pertains to deserialization of untrusted data.
- Gadget Chains: These are sequences of method invocations that can be triggered during deserialization, leading to unauthorized actions.
Detection and Response:
- Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Deploy IDS to detect anomalous deserialization activities.
- Incident Response: Develop and test incident response plans to quickly address any exploitation attempts.
- Threat Intelligence: Leverage threat intelligence feeds to stay informed about emerging threats and exploitation techniques related to deserialization vulnerabilities.
References:
By addressing this vulnerability promptly and comprehensively, organizations can mitigate the risks associated with untrusted data deserialization and ensure the security and integrity of their systems.