EUVD-2025-7107

Comprehensive Technical Analysis of EUVD-2025-7107

1. Vulnerability Assessment and Severity Evaluation

The vulnerability described in EUVD-2025-7107 affects the h2oai/h2o-3 REST API versions 3.46.0.4 and earlier. This vulnerability allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via deserialization of untrusted data. The severity of this vulnerability is rated with a CVSS Base Score of 9.8, which is considered critical. The CVSS vector CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H indicates the following:

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N) - The vulnerability is exploitable over the network.
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L) - The attack requires minimal skill or resources.
• Privileges Required (PR): None (N) - No privileges are required to exploit the vulnerability.
• User Interaction (UI): None (N) - No user interaction is required.
• Scope (S): Unchanged (U) - The vulnerability does not change the security scope.
• Confidentiality (C): High (H) - The vulnerability results in a high impact on confidentiality.
• Integrity (I): High (H) - The vulnerability results in a high impact on integrity.
• Availability (A): High (H) - The vulnerability results in a high impact on availability.

2. Potential Attack Vectors and Exploitation Methods

The primary attack vector involves sending specially crafted POST requests to the vulnerable endpoints /99/ImportSQLTable and /3/SaveToHiveTable. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by:

1. Crafting Malicious JDBC URLs: The attacker can include malicious payloads within the JDBC URLs.
2. Deserialization Attack: If a MySQL or PostgreSQL driver is available in the classpath, the deserialization process can be exploited to execute arbitrary code.
3. Remote Code Execution (RCE): The deserialization vulnerability can lead to RCE, allowing the attacker to execute commands on the affected system.

3. Affected Systems and Software Versions

The vulnerability affects the following systems and software versions:

• h2oai/h2o-3 REST API versions 3.46.0.4 and earlier.
• Systems running the affected versions of h2oai/h2o-3 with MySQL or PostgreSQL drivers in the classpath.

4. Recommended Mitigation Strategies

To mitigate this vulnerability, the following steps are recommended:

1. Upgrade to the Latest Version: Upgrade to h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.47.0 or later, which includes the fix for this vulnerability.
2. Remove Unnecessary Drivers: Ensure that only necessary JDBC drivers are included in the classpath.
3. Input Validation: Implement strict input validation for JDBC URLs and other user-controlled data.
4. Network Segmentation: Segment the network to limit access to the affected endpoints.
5. Monitoring and Logging: Enhance monitoring and logging to detect and respond to suspicious activities.

5. Impact on European Cybersecurity Landscape

The impact of this vulnerability on the European cybersecurity landscape is significant due to the widespread use of h2oai/h2o-3 in various industries, including finance, healthcare, and government sectors. The potential for unauthenticated remote code execution poses a severe risk to data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. Organizations must prioritize patching and implementing robust security measures to protect against such vulnerabilities.

6. Technical Details for Security Professionals

Vulnerability Details:

• Endpoints: POST /99/ImportSQLTable and POST /3/SaveToHiveTable
• Vulnerable Component: DriverManager.getConnection
• Exploitation: Deserialization of untrusted data leading to RCE if MySQL or PostgreSQL drivers are available.

References:

• NVD Entry: CVE-2024-10553
• GitHub Commit: Fix Commit
• Huntr Bounty: Bounty Details

Assigner:

• Huntr AI: @huntr_ai

ENISA IDs:

• Product: e63dbf7c-2713-39cc-9cd3-e1837016805a (h2oai/h2o-3, versions unspecified <3.47.0)
• Vendor: c2367e8b-0d75-3f05-ad04-eb06d16ba4a7 (h2oai)

By following the recommended mitigation strategies and staying vigilant, organizations can significantly reduce the risk posed by this vulnerability.